表观遗传学在家养动物遗传育种中的应用  

Application of Epigenetics for Genetic Breeding of Domestic Animals

作　　者：李佳蓉[1] 姜怀志[1] LI Jiarong;JIANG Huaizhi(College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,长春130118

出　　处：《经济动物学报》2018年第3期132-138,共7页Journal of Economic Animal

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20160204018NY)

摘　　要：表观遗传学(Epigenetics)是指DNA序列没有变化,而基因表达或表型却发生了可遗传并潜在可逆的改变,对动物的生长发育、疾病抗性、繁殖等性状的表达起到了重要的调控作用。由于表观遗传学起到了解释传统遗传学对性状变异无法解释的作用,因此,近20年来,其在家养动物育种领域的研究速度极为迅速。文中综述和分析了表观遗传学在猪、牛、羊和鸡等传统家养动物育种领域的研究现状及相关技术的发展趋势,将对全面了解家养动物经济性状及优异性状形成的分子机制,拓展改善经济性状的育种手段提供理论依据。Epigenetics means that DNA sequences don＇ t change,while gene expression or phenoty undergoes a heritable and potentially reversible change, which plays an important role in regulating the expression of animals＇ growth,disease resistance and reproduction.Epigenetics has explained the problems that traditional genetics can＇ t explain the trait variation.Therefore, the progess of its re- search has been developed rapidly in the field of domestic animal breeding in the past 20 years. In this article, the epigenetics＇ development trend of research status and cross-correlation technique on the field of traditional domestic animal, such as pigs, cattle, sheep and chickens, were summarized and analyzed. It will provide theoretical basis for understanding economic character of domestic animal and molecular mechanism of excellent trait formation to expansion and improvement breeding method of economic character.

关 键 词：表观遗传学 遗传育种 DNA甲基化 家养动物 

分 类 号：S813[农业科学—畜牧学]