鸡MHC基因的研究进展  

Advancement of Chicken Major Histocompatibility Complex Gene

作　　者：李启军 宋超[2] 邢秀梅[2] 李新殿[1] 徐超[2] 吴琼[2] 王全凯[1] LI Qijun;SONG Chao;XING Xiumei;LI Xindian;XU Chao;WU Qiong;WANG Quankai(College of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院,长春130118 [2]中国农业科学院特产研究所,长春130112

出　　处：《经济动物学报》2018年第3期155-159,共5页Journal of Economic Animal

基　　金：中国农业科学院创新工程专项经费(201701);特种动物种质资源共享平台(2017)

摘　　要：主要组织相容性复合体(Major histocompatibility complex,MHC)是编码免疫应答功能的多家族基因簇,能够对人或动物的某对染色体的特定区域进行定位,具有高度变异的遗传区域,在免疫应答中主要起抗原呈递作用,因其特有的高度多态性、连锁不平衡、单倍型遗传等特性成为研究的热点。MHC已被公认为是脊椎动物基因组中最具多态性和基因密集的区域。除哺乳类动物外,鸡MHC是公认的最具有多态性的编码区的脊椎动物的基因组。MHC基因在免疫系统中发挥重要的作用,它在参与机体内和机体外抗原呈递过程中,也能够影响机体抵抗疾病的能力,是鸡在抗病育种研究中的优选标记基因。文中对MHC基因的结构特点和主要功能,以及鸡MHC基因研究现状进行了综述。The major histocompatibility complex （Major histocompatibility complex MHC） which is a multi family gene cluster encoding immune response function proteins locates a specific region in the chromosome of human or animal. Because of its highly polymorphism, linkage disequilibrium, haplotype genetic and other prominent characteristics of the antigen presenting role in immune response, it becomes a hot topic in the current study. MHC is recognized as the most polymorphie and gene intensive region in vertebrate genome. In addition to mammals, the chicken MHC is recognized as the most polymorphic coding region of vertebrate genomes. MHC gene plays an important role in the immune system to join antigen presentation process ability in vivo and in vitro, affect the body resistance to disease and be the preferred marker in breeding for disease resistance in chicken. In this paper, the structural characteristics, main functions of MHC gene and the research status of MHC gene in chicken are reviewed.

关 键 词：鸡 主要组织相容性复合体 抗病 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]