东寨港近岸底栖贝类重金属的富集特征研究  

Survey of Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation of Bivalve Seashell in Off-shore Area of Dongzhai Harbor

作　　者：林艺佳 蹇丽[1] 寇彦巧[2] 郑远伟 杜睿贤 毕恩泽 LIN Yijia;JIAN Li;KOU Yanqiao;ZHENG Yuanwei;DU Ruixian;BI Enze(School of Tropical and Laboratory Medicine,Hainan Medical College,Haikou 571199,China;Haikou Center for Disease Control ＆ Prevention,Haikou 571100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院热带医学与检验医学院,海南海口571199 [2]海口市疾病预防控制中心,海南海口571100

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2018年第8期17-23,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金资助项目(417149);海南医学院科研培育基金项目(HY2015-07);海南医学院大学生创新性项目(HYCX2015037);国家大学生创新性项目(201411810050);海南省大学生创新性项目(20160113)

摘　　要：调查了海南东寨港近岸红树蚬(Geloina coaxans)、钝缀锦蛤(Tapes dorsatus)、青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)及菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)等4种双壳贝类重金属的富集特征及食用安全风险。结果表明,4种贝类重金属富集存在组织间和种间差异,红树蚬体内重金属含量普遍较高,贝类鳃和内脏中重金属富集量普遍较高,肌肉中富集量相对较低;各环境介质中重金属含量大致表现为悬浮颗粒物>沉积物及贝类>近岸海水;4种贝类重金属的生物-沉积物富集因子为Cd>As≈Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb。4种贝类中重金属与近岸海水及悬浮颗粒物相关性较弱,而与沉积物表现出一定的相关性。红树蚬软体部分Zn、Cr、As含量与其在沉积物中的含量显著正相关,钝缀锦蛤软体部分Cr、As含量与其在沉积物中的含量显著正相关,菲律宾蛤仔软体部分Cr含量与其在沉积物中的含量显著正相关。基于限量标准的分析表明,贝类肌肉样品中As的湿重含量超过标准值,食品安全风险较大。This paper reports on a survey of the bioaccumulation of heavy metal contained in bivalve seashells of four species, i.e. Geloina coaxans, Tapes dorsatus, Cyclina sinensis and Ruditapes philippinarum, and the assessment of food safety risk around the off-shore area of Dongzhai Harbor. The results of this survey showed that there appeared discrepancies of heavy-metal bioaccumulation amount in bivalve tissues and species： with higher levels in gill and viscera than in muscle tissues; heavy-metal concentration of Geloina coaxans was commonly higher than that of others.With respect to the different environmental media, heavy-metal content was the highest in suspended particles followed by sediment and seashell, then the off-shore sea water; as to the biota-sediment accumulation factor（BSAF） of the four seashell species, the bioavailability of heavy metals from sediments ranked in the descending order as Cd〉As ≈ Zn〉Cu〉Cr〉Pb. It was also showed that heavymetal content of the seashells was more correlated to the sediments than to off-shore sea water and suspended particles; contents of Zn, Cr and As in the soft part of Geloina coaxans were significantly positively correlated with those in the sediments;contents of Cr and As in the soft part of Tapes dorsatus were notably positively correlated with those in the sediments, while Cr content in the soft part of Ruditapes philippinarum was remarkably positively correlated with that in the sediments. The risk assessment based on the relative safety limit standard revealed that the content（wet weight） of As was rather high in the muscle samples of the seashells, so the food safety risk was greater.

关 键 词：东寨港 双壳底栖贝类 重金属 富集特征 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X83