三峡库区饮用水水源抗生素健康风险评价  

Health Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in the Centralized Drinking Water Source in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作　　者：张君 程艳茹[2] 封丽[2,3] 张晓岭 封雷[4] 邹素兰 张文兵 ZHANG Jun;CHENG Yanru;FENG Li;ZHANG Xiaoling;FENG Lei;ZOU Sulan;ZHANG Wenbing(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Organic Pollutants in Environmental Chemical Behavior and Ecological Toxicology,Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Chongqing,Chongqing 401147,China;Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center of Big Data Application in Eco-environmental Remote Sensing,Chongqing Environmental Science Research Institute,Chongqing 401147,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Online Monitoring Center of Eco-environment of the Three Gorges Project.Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市生态环境监测中心重庆市有机污染物环境化学行为与生态毒理重点实验室,重庆401147 [2]重庆市环境科学研究院重庆市生态环境遥感监测大数据应用技术协同创新中心,重庆401147 [3]重庆大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆400044 [4]中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院大数据挖掘与应用中心三峡工程生态环境在线监测中心,重庆400714

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2018年第8期192-198,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：重庆市基本科研计划项目(2015cstc-jbky-01607)

摘　　要：利用固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱联用法(SPE-HPLC-MS/MS),分析三峡库区9个集中式饮用水水源中6类28种抗生素的分布特征,运用美国环境保护署推荐的健康风险评价模型对水源中抗生素的健康风险进行初步评价。结果表明,三峡库区9个集中式饮用水水源中共检出3类8种抗生素,质量浓度范围在0.4～140.0 ng/L,包括磺胺类的磺胺甲恶唑(SMX)、磺胺二甲嘧啶(SMZ);大环内酯类的红霉素(ERM)、罗红霉素(ROM)、泰乐菌素(TYL)、林可霉素(LIN);胺苯醇类的氯霉素(CAP)、氟苯尼考(FF)。其中除CAP外,其余7种均为畜禽药品,且FF、LIN在中国畜禽药品中使用量排名前5。检出的8种抗生素对人体的非致癌风险介于1.66×10-15～1.14×10^(-11)a^(-1),9个集中式饮用水水源中抗生素产生的总健康风险数量级为10-12～10^(-11)a^(-1),两者均处于可忽略的风险水平,远低于荷兰建设和环境署发布的最低可忽略风险水平(1×10^(-8)a^(-1)),此研究结果与国内外研究者对各地区水源中抗生素产生的健康风险评价结果基本一致。Using solid-phase extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry（SPE-HPLC-MS/MS） to analyze the distribution characteristics of 28 kinds of antibiotics in 6 kinds of drinking water in 9 centralized drinking water sources in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, and applying the US Environmental Protection Agency＇s health risk assessment model to make a preliminary assessment of the health risks of antibiotics in water, and the results showed 3 categories antibiotics have been detected in 9 centralized drinking water sources in the Three Gorges Reservoir area with the concentration range of 0.4～140.0 ng/L, including sulfamethoxazole（SMX） and sulfamethazine（SMZ）; erythromycin（ERM）, roxithromycin（ROM）, tylosin（TYL）, lincomycin（LIN）, florfenicol（FF）. In addition to CAP, the remaining antibiotics are livestock and poultry drugs, and the usage of FF, LIN are top five in China＇s livestock and poultry drugs. The non-carcinogenic risks of the eight antibiotics tested ranged from 1.66×10^-15 to 1.14×10^-11 a^-1, the total health risk of antibiotics in the nine centralized potable water sources is 10-12～10^-11 a^-1, both on negligible risk levels, far below the minimum negligible level of risk（1×10^-8 a^-1） issued by the Netherlands Construction and Environment Agency. The results of this study are consistent with the other study of home and abroad in assessing the health risks of antibiotics in water sources in various regions.

关 键 词：抗生素 饮用水水源 风险评价 三峡库区 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]