2005-2016年贵州省疟疾流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Guizhou Province during 2005-2016

作　　者：卢丽丹 安冬[1] 徐建军[1] 耿燕[1] 姚丹成[1] 蔡姗[1] LU Li-dan;AN Dong;XU Jian-jun;GENG Yan;YAO Dan-cheng;CAI Shan(Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang 550004,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵阳550004

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2018年第4期392-398,共7页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

摘　　要：目的分析贵州省2005-2016年疟疾监测数据,掌握流行病学特征,为制订和调整贵州省疟疾防控策略和措施提供依据。方法收集整理2005-2016年贵州省疟疾个案及流行病学调查数据,采用SPSS 22.0统计学软件对疟疾发病情况、地区分布、病例的诊断类型、感染疟原虫虫种构成以及输入病例的感染来源等进行分析。结果 2005-2016年,贵州省共报告疟疾病例4 578例,其中本地感染病例4 429例(占96.7%),境内输入病例16例(占0.3%),境外输入病例133例(占2.9%)。其中,间日疟2 965例(占64.8%)、恶性疟89例(占1.9%)、卵形疟9例(占0.2%)、三日疟及混合感染各2例(占0.1%)、未分型1 511例(占33.0%)。临床诊断病例3 217例(占70.3%),均为2005-2011年报告;实验室确诊病例1 361例(占29.7%),自2012年起实验室确诊率达100%。2005-2011年报告的病例以本地感染病例为主,主要分布于黔南州、黔东南州、黔西南州,占92.2%(4 085/4 429);自2012年起,无本地感染病例报告,报告病例106例均为境外输入,主要分布于贵阳、遵义2市,占60.2%(80/133)。境外输入病例主要来源于非洲国家,为86例(占64.7%),其次为东南亚地区,为40例(占30.1%)。感染病例以男性为主,为3 101例(占67.7%)。不同职业分布中,本地感染病例以农民为主(为3 357例,占75.8%),其次为学生(为478例,占10.8%);境外输入病例中以农民和工人为主,分别为35例(占26.3%)和34例(占25.6%)。季节分布中,本地感染病例发病高峰为7-9月,与疟疾流行季节相符;境外输入病例全年均有发病,无明显季节性。结论贵州省疟疾本地感染疫情已得到有效控制,达到消除疟疾目标。境外输入性疟疾防控将是贵州省今后疟疾防控工作重点。Objective To analyze the malaria monitoring data in Guizhou Province from 2005 to 2016 and understand epidemiological characteristics, in order to provide reference for formulating and adjusting strategies and measures for malaria prevention. Methods Data on malaria cases and epidemiological investigations in Guizhou Province from 2005 to 2016 were collected and analyzed with regard to the incidence and distribution of malaria,diagnosis of cases, Plasmodium species constitution, and sources of infection for imported cases. Results During2005-2016, a total of 4 578 malaria cases were reported in the Province, of whom 4 429（96.7%） were indigenous cases,16（0.3%） were imported from other places in China, and 133（2.9%） from other countries. These cases consisted of2 965（64.8%） vivax malaria, 89（1.9%） falciparum malaria, 9（0.2%） ovale malaria, 2（0.1%） quartan malaria, 2（0.1%）mixed infections, and 1 511（33%） unclassified cases. Among all the cases, 3 217（73%） were clinically diagnosed, all reported during 2005-2011; and 1 361 cases（29.7%） were diagnosed with laboratory tests. The laboratory diagnosis rate has been reaching 100% since 2012. Specifically, the cases reported during 2005-2011 were mainly indigenous cases,distributed mostly in South Qian Autonomous Prefecture, Southeast Qian Autonomous Prefecture, and Southwest Qian Autonomous Prefecture（92.2%, 4 085/4 429）. From 2012 on, no indigenous cases were reported, the 106 cases reported were all imported from other countries, and mainly distributed in Guiyang and Zunyi cities（60.2%, 80/133）. They were mainly from African countries（86, 64.7%）, followed by Southeast Asia（40, 30.1%）. Most of the cases were males（3 101,67.7%）. For the occupation distribution, the indigenous cases were predominated by farmers（3 357, 75.8%）, followed by students（478, 10.8%）; while the imported cases from other countries were mainly farmers（35, 26.3%） and workers（34,25.6%）. The malaria incidence among indigenou

关 键 词：疟疾 流行病学特征 贵州省 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学]