2008—2016年齐齐哈尔市手足口病流行病学特征分析与防控策略探讨  

Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristics of Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease in Qiqihar City from 2008 to 2016 and Exploration of Prevention and Control Strategy

作　　者：胡晓瑛 果春杰[1] 孔令欣 袁兵[1] HU Xiao-ying;GUO Chun-jie;KONG Ling-xin(Qiqihar City Cen-ter for Disease Control and Prevention,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang,161000,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔市疾病预防控制中心,黑龙江齐齐哈尔市161000

出　　处：《黑龙江医学》2018年第9期912-915,共4页Heilongjiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的分析齐齐哈尔市手足口病流行病学特征,探讨手足口病综合防控策略和措施,保障儿童身体健康。方法对齐齐哈尔市2008—2016年报告的8 614例手足口病患儿采用描述流行病学方法分析流行特征和病原学检测结果。结果年均发病率为17.33/10万,2011年(发病率最高)和2008年(发病率最低)发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=1 987.88,P<0.01)。其中报告重症病例104例(死亡11例),重症病例百分比为1.21%,主要由EV-A71感染所致(96.05%)。发病高峰在7~8月,呈单峰分布。主要以0~5岁儿童发病为主,散居儿童居多,男性多于女性。聚集性疫情主要发生在托幼机构(68.97%)。结论齐齐哈尔市在手足口病高发季节应针对重点场所和重点人群采取综合性防控措施控制疫情,防止暴发和流行。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Qiqihar City,and to discuss the comprehensive prevention and control strategies and measures for the health of children. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and etiological findings of HFMD in Qiqihar from 2008 to 2016. Results A total of 8 614 cases of hand,foot and mouth disease were reported in Qiqihar City from 2008 to 2016,with an average annual incidence rate of 17.33 / 100 000.The difference between 2011 （highest incidence） and 2008 （lowest incidence） was statistically significant （ χ 2=1 987.88,P〈0.01 ） .Of these,104 cases （11 deaths） were reported,and the percentage of serious cases was 1.22%,mainly due to EV - A71 infection （96.05%） .The peak of the onset was from July to August,with a single peak distribution.The children aged 0～5 was the high rick population,among which scattered children were in the majority,and there were more boys than girls.Furthermore,aggregate epidemics occurred mainly in childcare institutions （68.97%） . Conclusion In Qiqihar,comprehensive control measures should be taken against the key places and key populations to control the epidemic and to prevent the outbreaks in the high risk season of HFMD.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行特征 防控策略 齐齐哈尔市 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]