上海市某哨点医院2012—2017年儿童流感样病例监测结果分析  

Influenza surveillance among children in a sentinel hospital in Shanghai from 2012 to 2017

作　　者：施京君 张红亚[1] 胡龙海 柏佳宁 邓婷[1] 马旭华[1] 朱佳隽[1] 王硕[2] 汤玮娜 

机构地区：[1]上海市杨浦区疾病预防控制中心,上海200082 [2]第二军医大学流行病学教研室,上海200433

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2018年第8期673-677,共5页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：【目的】根据上海市某流感监测哨点医院监测结果,分析流感流行特征及病原学特点。【方法】收集并分析某国家级哨点医院2012—2017年流感样病例数据,进行网络实验室病原学检测。【结果】2012年累积就诊人数最少,2014年最多,其余各年份变化不明显;除2012年,1~3岁年龄组累积就诊人数构成比最高;4~7岁年龄组次之,<1岁年龄组与8~14岁年龄组累积就诊人数相对较少,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=68.41,P<0.001);病毒分离阳性率2012年(12.42%)最高,2016年和2014年较低,分别为3.48%和3.64%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=61.29,P<0.001);2012年以B型(Victoria)为主,2013、2014年以A型(季节性H3)为主,2015以B型(Yamagata)为主,2016年A型(新甲H1)和B型(Victoria)共同流行,2017年A型(H3)和B型(Victoria)共同流行;<5岁及10~11岁儿童感染的流感病毒以A型季节性H3亚型为主,6~9岁儿童以B型(Victoria)为主,12~14岁儿童则无优势毒株。【结论】2012—2017年流感病毒优势毒株交替出现,流感病毒儿童感染谱有年龄特征。[Objective] To make an analysis on epidemic and etiological characteristics of influenza on the basis of the surveillance data from the sentinel hospital. [Methods] Surveillance data on influenza like cases and data on pathogen detection were collected for analysis during 2012-2017. [Results] The minimum and maximum numbers of outpatients were in 2012 and 2014,respectively. The rest of the years did not show distinct difference in this regard. We found that the constituent proportion of the outpatients was the highest in 1-3 years-old children,followed by 4-7 years old. Children under 1 and 8-14 years-old were the least group of outpatients. The difference was statistically significant（ χ~2= 68. 41,P〈0. 001）.Influenza virus positive rate was the highest in 2012（ 12. 42%）,lower in 2016 and 2014（ respectively were3. 48% and 3. 64%）. The difference was statistically significant（ χ~2= 61. 29, P〈0. 001）. Dominant strains were influenza B（ Victoria） in 2012,influenza A（ seasonal H3） in 2013 and 2014,influenza B（ Yamagata） in 2015,influenza A（ new H1） and influenza B（ Victoria） in 2016,influenza A（ seasonal H3） and influenza B（ Victoria） in 2017. The main infection type of influenza in children younger than 5 and 10-11 years were A（ seasonal H3）,while aged 6-9 years old were influenza B（ Victoria）. There was no dominant strains for the children aged 12-14. [Conclusion] The strains of influenza virus are alternatively dominant in children from 2012 to 2017. The spectrum of influenza infections is highly related to the ages of children.

关 键 词：流行性感冒 流感监测 流感样病例 

分 类 号：R138[医药卫生—劳动卫生]