基于R-V GIUH的临界雨量计算研究  

Critical rainfall calculation based on R-V GIUH

作　　者：王新宏[1] 吴巍[1] 唐永鹏[1,2] 龚立尧 宁利中 WANG Xinhong;WU Wei;TANG Yongpeng;GONG Liyao;NING Lizhong(State Key Laboratory of Eco-H ydraulics in Northwest Arid Regiori of China,Xi ＇ an University of Technology,Xi ＇ an Shaanxi 710048,China;Xinjiang Investigation and Design Institute of Water Conservancy and H ydropower,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]水利部新疆维吾尔自治区水利水电勘测设计研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第7期147-154,共8页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省水利科技项目(2014slkj-01;2017slkj-18)

摘　　要：【目的】建立基于地形地貌的地貌瞬时单位线汇流模型(R-V GIUH),为提高临界雨量计算精度提供参考。【方法】基于流域数字高程模型(DEM),经水文分析后计算得到地貌参数,并结合水动力参数建立R-V GIUH,利用实测的洪水过程对模型进行参数率定和验证;然后基于汇流模型的计算结果,采用水位流量反推法进行临界雨量的计算,并以陈家河流域为例进行临界雨量的实例分析。【结果】利用建立的R-V GIUH,计算得到陈家河流域的霍顿(Horton)河数率为4.20,河长率为2.66,面积率为3.11。利用建立的汇流模型计算得到1%,2%,5%,10%,20%频率对应的洪峰流量分别为436.7,340.3,233.0,163.2和99.5m^3/s,在地貌瞬时单位线法得到的频率-洪峰流量(P-Q_(mp))关系曲线上推求出成灾频率为1.75%,进而计算得到土壤含水量50mm、降雨历时为1,3,6,12,24h时对应的临界雨量分别是52,90,104,125和152mm。【结论】R-V GIUH建立在DEM的基础上,能够很好适用于资料匮乏地区的汇流计算,并且有效提高了临界雨量的计算精度。【Objective】This paper established a model of topography geomorphic instantaneous unit hydrograph based on landform（R-V GIUH）to provide basis for improving the accuracy of critical rainfall calculation.【Method】Based on the DEM,the geomorphic parameters were calculated after hydrological analysis,and the confluence model R-V GIUH was built with hydrodynamic parameters.The parameters of the model were determined and validated by the measured flood process.Then,the critical rainfall was calculated by the stage/discharge inversion method.As a case study,the critical rainfall of Chenjia River tributary was calculated.【Result】The R-V GIUH model obtained that the Horton bifurcation ratio of Chenjia River tributary was 4.20,the length ratio was 2.66 and the area ratio was 3.11.The peak discharge rates of 1%,2%,5%,10% and 20% were 436.7,340.3,233.0,163.2 and 99.5 m^3/s,respectively.The disaster frequency was 1.75% from the frequency-peak discharge（P-Q_（mp））rate curve of the instantaneous unit hydrograph.The critical rainfall corresponding to 1,3,6,12 and 24 hwere 52,90,104,125 and 152 mm,respectively.【Conclusion】The DEM based R-V GIUH confluence model can be well applied to calculate theconfluence for data deficient areas and effectively improved the computational accuracy of critical rainfall.

关 键 词：地貌瞬时单位线法 水位流量反推法 汇流模型 临界雨量 洪水预测 

分 类 号：TV125[水利工程—水文学及水资源]