资本禀赋如何影响牧民减畜——基于内蒙古372户牧民的实证考察  

How does capital endowment affect herdsman to reduce livestock?——an empirical analysis based on 372 herdsmen in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：谢先雄 李晓平[1,2] 赵敏娟 史恒通[3] XIE Xianxiong;LI Xiaoping;ZHAO Minjuan;SHI Hengtong(College of Economics and Management,Northwest A ＆ F University,Yangling 712100,China;Applied Economic Research Center,Northwest A ＆ F University,Yangling 712100 China;Shaanxi Normal University International Business School,Xi ＇ an 710119 China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学应用经济研究中心,杨凌712100 [3]陕西师范大学国际商学院,西安710119

出　　处：《资源科学》2018年第9期1730-1741,共12页Resources Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(批准号:15ZDA052)

摘　　要：基于布迪厄的实践理论,构建了资本禀赋影响牧民减畜的理论框架与研究假说。同时,利用对内蒙古372户牧民的实地调查数据,运用双栏模型实证检验并分析了资本禀赋对牧民减畜意愿及程度的影响。研究发现:①研究区牧民减畜意愿不高,减畜规模整体较低,仅49.731%表示愿意减畜,且平均减畜规模为59.717只羊,仅占达到草畜平衡标准户均应减规模(122.568只羊单位)的48.721%,仍存在较大的减畜空间。②资本禀赋对牧民减畜行为影响显著。其中,经济资本中家庭收入和牲畜数量对牧民减畜意愿和程度均有显著促进作用,草场面积对减畜意愿有显著抑制作用;文化资本中蒙古族、文化程度分别对牧民减畜意愿和程度有显著促进作用;社会资本中人际信任、人际网络和互惠规范对牧民减畜意愿均有显著促进作用,道德约束对牧民减畜的意愿和程度均有显著促进作用。③政府补贴与草原生态认知对牧民减畜意愿和程度存在正向影响。Based on the Bourdieu＇s theory of practice, we constructed the theoretical framework and research hypothesis of capital endowment affecting herdsman＇s reduction of livestock. We further analyzed the influence of capital endowment on the willingness and level of herders＇ reduction of livestock by using Double-Hurdle model and sample survey data of 372 herdsmen in Inner Mongolia. The results showed that： 1, the willingness of the herdsmen to reduce livestock in the study area is not high, and the scale of livestock reduction is overall low. Only 49.731% of them are willing to reduce their livestock, and the average reduction scale is 59.717 sheep, which accounts for 48.721% of the households that have reached the standard of grass and livestock balance（122.568 sheep units）. There is still a large space for reducing livestock. 2, the capital endowment did exhibit a significant impact on herders＇ livestock reduction behavior. The family income and the number of livestock in the economic capital demonstrates a significant effect on the herdsman＇s willingness and degree of reduction of livestock. The grassland area shows a significant inhibitory effect on the willingness to reduce livestock. In the cultural capital, the Mongolian nationality and the degree of education illustrate a significant role in promoting the willingness and extent of the herdsmen＇s livestock reduction. Interpersonal trust, interpersonal network. and reciprocal norms in social capital have significantly promoted the herdsmen＇s willingness to reduce livestock. Moral constraints have significantly promoted the willingness and extent of herdsmen＇s reduction of livestock. Finally, government subsidies and grassland ecological cognition will have a positive impact on the willingness and extent of herders＇ reduction of livestock.

关 键 词：草原生态保护 减畜行为 资本禀赋 Double-Hurdle模型 

分 类 号：F326.3[经济管理—产业经济] F323.8