岩礁国际法律地位的路径重构  

Path of Reconstructing International Legal Status of Rocks

作　　者：陈敬根[1] Chen Jinggen

机构地区：[1]上海大学法学院,上海200444

出　　处：《政治与法律》2018年第9期131-140,共10页Political Science and Law

基　　金：2014年国家社会科学基金项目一般项目"海上防空识别区理论与实践的法律研究"(项目编号:14BFX128)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：自《联合国海洋法公约》诞生以来,岩礁的国际法律地位一直饱受争议。"海牙国际仲裁法庭"关于南沙群岛岛礁法律地位的裁决对《联合国海洋法公约》第121条第3款"人类居住""本身""经济生活"的规定进行曲解,全盘否定了南子岛、太平岛、中业岛、南威岛、永暑礁、华阳礁等南沙群岛的岛屿地位,将其定位为岩礁,仅享有领海和毗连区。应当创设以"人类居住"能力为基础的更新标准,奉行领海边界说,审视岩礁"本身的经济生活"能力,赋予适格岩礁岛屿地位,以岩礁所处海洋区域为标准赋予其不同的法律地位,切实维护我国对南沙群岛诸岛礁的主权、主权权利、管辖权。The international legal status of rocks has been controversial since the birth of United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The ruling of Permanent Court of Arbitration（ PCA） in Hague on the legal status of islands and reefs of Nansha Islands twisted the meanings of ＂human habitation＂,＂their own＂and ＂economic life＂ in the Paragraph 3 of Article 121 of United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,negated the island status of Nazhi Island, Taiping Island, Zhongye Island, Nanwei Island, Yongshu Reef,Huangyang Reef and other parts of Nansha Islands by defining them as rocks which only enjoy the territorial seas and contiguous zones. We Should create a new standard on basis of the ability of ＂human habitation＂ ability, advocate the boundary theory of the territorial sea, examine the ability of ＂economic life of their own＂of the rocks, regard the eligible rocks as islands and endow the rocks with different legal statuses according to the different marine zones where the rocks are located, so as to really protect China＇s sovereignty, sovereign rights and jurisdiction over the islands and rocks in Nansha Islands.

关 键 词：岩礁 岛屿 人类居住 经济生活 基础权利理论 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]