飞行员头盔的压力舒适性研究  

Research on Pressure Comfort of Pilot's Helmet

作　　者：徐莹[1] 赵鑫 张露丹 田寅生[1] 丁立[1] Xu Ying;Zhao Xin;Zhang Ludan;Tian Yinsheng;Ding Li(School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学生物与医学工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2018年第4期452-457,共6页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51175021);国家科技支撑计划(2014BAK01B05);国防基础科研计划(JCKY2016601B009);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0110503;2017YFC0110501)

摘　　要：目的研究飞行员头盔的最优舒适压力比。方法首先确定人体头部的前部(额部),两侧(颞部),顶部和后部(枕部)4个区域均分别达到主观最舒适状态时的压力分布比例。再根据该比例与对照组(等压强分布)分别进行眼动仪实验,分析主观评价结果及客观统计数据:任务正确率、任务完成时间、AOI百分比、眨眼频率、眨眼总时百分比、眨眼时间均值,以及注视时间均值,证明获得的比例值更优。结果注意力测试的结果验证了舒适压力分布方案P_前∶P_顶∶P_侧∶P_后=2∶2∶1∶3优于传统的均匀分布。主观评价、正确率和眨眼均值3个指标,A方案显著优于B方案(P<0.05);且除"AOI百分比"这个评价指标外,A方案的其余评价指标在均值上都优于B方案。结论本文得到的舒适压力分布,可为涉及到头顶部压力分布的产品设计提供参考。Objective To study the optimal comfort pressure ratio of pilot＇s helmet. Methods First,the pressure ratio distribution in four head areas including the front part（ forehead）,the two sides（ temporal）,the top and the back（ occiput） was determined for the subjectively most comfortable state. Then the eye-tracking experiments were conducted according to this pressure distribution and equal pressure distribution（ control）.The subjective evaluation results and the objective statistical data（ the correct rate of task,task completion time,the percentage of AOI,blink frequency,total percentage of blink,blink duration average,fixation duration average） were analyzed to prove that the obtained ratio was better. Results The results of the attention test verified that the comfort pressure distribution（ Pfront： Ptop∶ Pside∶ Pback= 2∶ 2∶ 1∶ 3） was better than the traditional uniform distribution. Based on the three indexes including the objective evaluation,correct rate and blink mean value,program A was significantly better than program B（ P〈0. 05）; and the mean value of the evaluation indexes of program A was better than program B except for the percentage of AOI. Conclusion The comfort pressure distribution obtained in this paper may serve as a reference for the design of products involving the pressure distribution on the top of the head.

关 键 词：头盔 舒适性模型 头部压力分布 压力舒适性 

分 类 号：R857.14[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]