黄河宁夏石嘴山河段冲淤演变及冰情分析  

Analysis of Erosion and Deposition Variation and Ice Conditions in Ningxia Shizuishan Reach of Yellow River

作　　者：岳志春 田福昌 马晓阳 YUE Zhichun1,2, TIAN Fuchang1, MA Xiaoyang2(1. State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; 2. Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters Office of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750001, Ningxia, China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072 [2]宁夏防汛抗旱指挥部办公室,宁夏银川750001

出　　处：《水力发电》2018年第9期24-27,共4页Water Power

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0405601)

摘　　要：为研究近年来黄河宁夏石嘴山河段水沙冲淤变化及凌汛问题,对比分析了其河床冲淤演变趋势及冰情变化特征。结果表明,该河段冲淤变化不甚明显,主流一直靠近左岸运行,主河槽相对稳定,宽度变化不大,深泓点始终在起点距120 m附近;河床断面大洪水时期变化呈涨冲落淤,冲淤变化主要在主槽内进行,左岸滩地的冲淤变化较小,河道摆动迁移变化较小,水位相对稳定;近年来凌汛期最高水位超过伏汛期最高水位的情况有明显增加,河道汛期来水来沙有新的变化,今后不排除特殊情况下发生冰塞、冰坝的可能性,造成该河段凌汛期防凌任务日趋严重。For studying sediment scouring-deposition variation and melting ice flood problem in Ningxia Shizuishan reach of Yellow River, the scouring-deposition variation of river channel and the characteristic of ice conditions are compared. The results show that,（ a） the change of scouring-deposition in this section is not obvious, the river sediment flow is still close to the left bank of mainstream, the main channel is relatively stable with small width change, and the channel points is always near the point of departure of 120 m;（ b） the riverbed section in great flood period is scoured during water level increase process and deposited during water level decrease process, the changes of scouring and deposition have been mainly carried out in main channel with relative small scouring and deposition in left bank beach and relative small river channel fluctuation and water level change; and（ c） there are notable increases of the highest water level in melting ice flood season exceeding the highest water level in summer flood season in recent years and the water and sediment inflows in flood season have new changes, so the possibility of ice jam and ice dam under special circumstances will not be ruled out in the future and the flood control in melting ice flood season has become increasingly serious.

关 键 词：河段演变 冲淤 冰情 黄河宁夏石嘴山段 

分 类 号：TV147.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]