核酸适配体在胰腺癌中的应用研究进展  

Current Progress Towards the Application of Aptamers in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

作　　者：韩冬梅 邓堂刚 叶茂[1] HAN Dong-mei;DENG Tang-gang;YE Mao(College of Biology,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学生物学院,中国湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2018年第4期332-337,共6页Life Science Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2013CB932702);国家自然科学基金资助项目(81272220;81171950;81672760);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(12JJ6077)

摘　　要：胰腺癌(pancreatic adenocarcinoma,PAC)是死亡率最高的癌症之一,实现PAC的早期诊断和早期治疗具有重大意义。核酸适配体(aptamer,Apt)是通过指数富集的配体系统进化技术(systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment,SELEX)筛选得到的具有高亲和性、高特异性识别靶标分子的单链DNA或RNA,被称为化学抗体,其不仅具有类似抗体的特点,同时还有易修饰、生产成本低、无免疫源性、识别范围广等优点,因此在肿瘤诊断和治疗中具有很好的应用前景。目前,已筛选得到的多个识别PAC的核酸适配体被广泛应用在PAC的诊断和靶向治疗中。文中主要综述了与PAC相关的核酸适配体,对这一领域最新的研究进展进行了总结,并对目前存在的问题和挑战进行了深入的讨论。Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers. It is of great significance to achieve early diagnosis and treatment for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA with high affinity and specificity for target molecules by SELEX. They are often termed as chemical antibodies, and they not only have the characteristics of antibodies, but also have several advantages over general antibodies, including easy modification, low cost, non-immunogenicity and diverse targets. Therefore, they have the great potential in diagnosis and treatment of tumors. So far, kinds of aptamers specifically targeted the pancreatic cancer have been screened out. Herein, aptamers targeted the pancreatic cancer and various aptamer-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies were reviewed. What＇s more, the current problems,challenges, and future perspectives in this field were also discussed.

关 键 词：胰腺癌(PAC) 核酸适配体(Apt) 指数富集的配体系统进化技术(SELEX) 肿瘤诊断 靶向治疗 

分 类 号：Q71[生物学—分子生物学]