英国国家医学时代的医生与强制性天花免疫制度  

Doctors in the Age of State Medicine and the Establishment of Compulsory Smallpox Vaccination in England

作　　者：叶乐乐 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学历史文化学院,讲师兰州730020

出　　处：《经济社会史评论》2018年第3期76-88,共13页Economic and Social History Review

摘　　要：疫苗接种是英国卫生管理机构负责的一项重要工作,但在管理环节中出现诸多问题,接种效果不佳。19世纪中期,以约翰·西蒙为核心的医生群体,以管理者身份进入卫生管理机构从事防治疾病工作。他们提出一套完善疫苗接种的管理机制,并在此基础上,推行强制接种制度。针对社会中出现的反对之声,部门医生从医学科学角度对强制接种制度进行辩护和适当宣传,在强制接种制度形成过程中发挥了重要作用,体现了政治权力与医学的结合。Vaccination was an important task of the British health administration, but there were many problems in the management and the effect of vaccination was not good. In the second half of the 19 th century, a group of doctors with Dr. John Simon as the core entered to the British health department and engaged in the prevention and treatment of diseases. They put forward a set of management mechanism to improve vaccination, and on the basis of this, carried out the compulsory vaccination system. In response to the opposition in society, doctors in health department defended and propagated the compulsory vaccination system from the perspective of medical science, which played an important role in the formation of compulsory vaccination system and embodied the combination of political power and medicine.

关 键 词：强制接种 医生 约翰·西蒙 国家医学时代 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]