标本类型、储存时间和温度对血钾测定的影响评价  

Effect evaluation of sample type, storage time and temperature on serum potassium determination

作　　者：段巧艳[1] 常仙芬 武炜[1] 梁红萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省人民医院检验科,太原030012

出　　处：《中国实用医刊》2018年第16期51-53,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的 评价标本类型、储存时间和温度对血钾检测的影响.方法 选取医院2017年5月至2017年6月健康体检人员12例,空腹、安静状态下采血.将血液标本分别采集于含有分离胶和肝素钠抗凝剂的样本管中,离心分离血清和血浆后分别置于4℃、-20℃、-70℃冰箱储存,在1 h、3 h、6 h、24 h、48 h、72 h、1周、2周共8个时间点各重复测定血钾3次.分析不同样本容器中血钾含量随时间和温度的变化趋势.结果 两种样本管血钾测定结果在温度不变,测定值随时间的延长呈缓慢下降趋势,肝素钠管下降趋势明显,差异有统计学意义（4℃F值17.42,P〈0.05）;血浆中血钾在4℃冰箱中1 h内偏倚〈6％可接受,-20℃、-70℃保存条件下可延长至3 h.4℃、-20℃、-70℃条件下血清72 h内血清钾偏倚〈6％可接受;两种标本类型血钾检测的不精密度（变异系数）之间差异未见统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论 肝素钠管和分离胶管均可用于检测血钾水平,血清管血钾稳定性优于肝素钠管,肝素钠管用于急诊检测优于分离胶管.各实验室应评估本实验室血钾检测样本类型及储存条件.Objective To evaluate the effect of sample type, storage time and temperature on serum potassium detection. Methods The 12 cases in the physical examinations in hospital from May 2017 to June 2017 were selected and their blood were collected under quiet and empty stomach. The separate blood specimens were collected from contains glue and heparin anticoagulant sample tube, centrifugal separation of serum and plasma after respectively at 4℃, 20℃ , 70℃ refrigerator storage. Repeated measurement of serum potassium was conducted three times at 8 time points： 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 1 w and 2 w. The variation trend of serum potassium content with time and temperature in different sample containers was analyzed. Results Two kinds of sample tube of potassium determination results in constant temperature, the measured value with the extension of time showed a trend of slow decline and heparin tube decline significantly, the difference was statistically significant （4℃ F value of 17.42, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The plasma potassium level was acceptable within 1 h of the 4 degree refrigerator, and the 〈 6% was acceptable at -20℃ and -70℃ for 3 h. Serum potassium bias 〈 6% in serum 72 h at 4℃, - 20 ℃and -70℃ was acceptable;There was no significant difference in blood potassium detection between two specimen types （P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Both heparin sodium tube and separation rubber tube can be used to detect serum potassium level, the stability of serum potassium tube is better than that of heparin sodium tube, and heparin sodium tube is better than that of separation rubber tube in emergency detection. Each laboratory shall evaluate the type and storage conditions of serum potassium test samples in the laboratory.

关 键 词：血钾 血浆 血清 温度 时间 

分 类 号：R446.112[医药卫生—诊断学]