38家医疗机构建设项目放射性职业病危害控制效果评价结果分析与探讨  

Analysis and exploration on the results of radiation occupational disease hazard control effect evaluation in 38 medical institutions

作　　者：程希元 廖炎鹏 刘书朋 王闯 杨绍洲[4] 康立丽 CHENG Xiyuan;LIAO Yanpeng;LIU Shupeng;WANG Chuang;YANG Shaozhou;KANG Lili(S.M.U Medical Equipment Test Co.,Ltd.,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou,510515,China;Department of Radiation Oncology,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University;Guang dang Medical Devices Quality Surveillance and Test Institute;Department of Clinical Engineering,Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University;Testing Center of Medical Equipment,School of Biomedical Engineering,Southern Medical University)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学广州南方医大医疗设备综合检测有限责任公司,广东广州510515 [2]南方医科大学南方医院放疗科 [3]广东省医疗器械质量监督检验所 [4]南方医科大学南方医院设备科 [5]南方医科大学生物医学工程学院医疗设备检测研究中心

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2018年第3期246-251,共6页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2015A030401038)

摘　　要：目的通过对38家医疗机构X射线影像诊断与介入放射学建设项目进行控制效果评价,总结分析相关医疗机构放射防护管理情况。方法通过资料调研、现场调查、设备质量检测以及放射卫生防护检测等措施进行控制效果评价工作。结果人员配置情况、防护措施核实情况和放射防护管理与事故应急与法规及标准要求的符合程度分别达94.7%、68.4%、71.1%。DSA、DR、CT、牙科设备性能检测首次检测通过率分别为100%、82.6%、92.6%、100%;相关设备机房防护辐射监测首次检测通过率为100%、100%、92.6%、100%。性能检测中,DR性能检测新标准的实施,增加了专用检测项目暗噪声、探测器剂量指示(DDI)和信号传递特性(STP),用于测试的预处理图像获取困难,部分厂家产品尚未开放相关功能;机房防护辐射监测中监测值较高的区域出现于观察窗、机房门体及门缝、电缆沟穿墙处。结论现阶段医疗机构放射危害防护意识有所提高;相较于较早时期的检测与评价,性能和防护检测结果符合程度有明显改善;医疗机构的设备年检、质控等管理工作有所加强,放射防护管理水平进一步提高。Objective To summarize and analyze radiation protection management of certain medical institutions through e- valuation of control effect on X - ray diagnostic radiology and interventional therapy in 38 medical institutions. Methods The evaluation of control effects was based on information research,field investigation, performance testing and radiological health protection testing. Results The coincidence level of accident emergency response, law, regulation and standards for personnel arrangement, protective measures examination, radiation protection monitoring respectively reach 94. 7%, 68. 4% and 71. 1%. The passing rate for the first - time performance testing of DSA ,DR ,CT and Dental X - ray devices respectively reach 100% ,82.6% ,92.6% and 100% ; and the rate for machine room radiological protection and monitoring testing of the above reach 100%, 100% ,92.6% and 100%. In terms of the performance testing, DR test standard has added new specific test i- tems as Dark Noise, DDI, STP. However, some factory products have yet to open the eertain fnnctions because it is hard to take the preprocessed image to do testing; the area of higher monitoring value for machine room radiological protection occurred in the inspection window, the door include the edge and cable trench through the wall. Conclusion The current medical insti- tutiong awareness of control the radiological hazard has been raised up. Compared with the former testing and evaluation, the medical institutions obviously improve the device performance and the coincidence degree of protection test results. The device annual inspection, quality control and other management needed to be enhanced.

关 键 词：职业病危害 放射防护 控制效果评价 放射设备性能检测 屏蔽防护检测 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]