中国北方地区采暖期颗粒物污染现状  

Pollution Characteristics of Particulate in Heating Periods in Northern China

作　　者：解淑艳[1] 王帅[1] 张霞[1] 宫正宇[1] 张志辉 XIE Shuyan;WANG Shuai;ZHANG Xia;GONG Zhengyu;ZHANG Zhihui(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring,China National Environmental Monitoring Centre,Beijng 100012,China;Xingtai Environmental Monitoring Centre of Hebei Province,Xingtai 054000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境监测总站,国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室,北京100012 [2]河北省邢台环境监测中心,河北邢台054000

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2018年第4期25-33,共9页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项“我国大气污染的区域性特征与空气质量管理分区研究”(201509001)

摘　　要：分析了2013—2016年冬季采暖期与非采暖期中国北方地区颗粒物污染现状及时空变化特征。结果表明:中国北方地区空气污染比较严重,采暖期尤为突出。2016年,中国北方地区重度及以上污染天数比例超过10%,采暖期优良天数比例较非采暖期下降22.8%,重度及以上污染天数比例升高10.1个百分点。颗粒物浓度呈现明显的冬季高、夏季低的特点,最高值一般出现在12月至次年1月,最低值一般出现在7—9月。2013—2016年,北方地区空气质量呈较为明显的改善趋势,PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)浓度总体呈下降趋势,但2014年以来采暖期同期比较显示,PM2.5浓度呈缓慢升高趋势,采暖期空气污染形势十分严峻。颗粒物浓度呈现明显的空间分布规律,采暖期石家庄、保定、衡水、邢台、邯郸、安阳等城市为京津冀区域污染最严重的城市。The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of particulate pollution in northern China during the heating periods and non-heating periods from 2013 to 2016 were analyzed in this paper. The results showed that the air pollution in northern China was relatively serious,especially during the heating periods. In 2016,the proportion of heavy and severe pollution days exceeded 10% in northern China,and the proportion of excellent and good days during heating periods was 22. 8% lower than that in non-heating periods,and the proportion of heavy and severe pollution days increased by 10. 1 percentage points. The concentration of particulates showed obvious characteristics of high in winter and low in summer. The highest value generally appeared in December to January,and the minimum value generally appeared in July to September. During 2013 to 2016,the air quality in northern China was improved obviously,and the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 showed a downward trend in general.Comparison of heating periods since 2014,PM2.5concentration showed slowly upward tendency. The concentration of particulates showed obvious spatial distribution pattern,during the heating periods,Shijiazhuang,Baoding,Hengshui,Xingtai,Handan and Anyang,were the most polluted area.

关 键 词：PM10 PM2.5 北方地区 采暖期 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]