间作东北铁线莲对病虫害生物防治的研究  

The Biological Control Effect of Intercropping Clematis manshurica on Diseases and Insect Pests

作　　者：施汉钰[1] 刘瑰琦[1] 曹昊[1] 葛江丽[1] 刘芳[1] SHI Hanyu;LIU Guiqi;CAO Hao;GE Jiangli;LIU Fang(Mudanjiang Forestry Research Institute of Heilongjiang,Mudanjiang 157000)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省牡丹江林业科学研究所,黑龙江牡丹江157000

出　　处：《森林工程》2018年第5期15-19,共5页Forest Engineering

基　　金：黑龙江省森林工业总局计划项目(sgzjY2013017)

摘　　要：为了研究东北铁线莲对其他作物病虫害的生物防治作用,研发非农药施用的绿色病虫害防治新技术。通过在辽藁本中间作和非间作东北铁线莲的对比试验,利用植株病虫害发生率、病情指数和虫口密度观测方法,分别对辽藁本幼苗期和成熟期的病虫害情况进行测定。研究发现,在间作与非间作种植方式中,白粉病差异极其显著,病害平均发病率由4.68%下降到0.82%,叶斑病的病情指数差异较显著,病害平均病情指数由6.37下降到5.07,说明间作东北铁线莲能够有效控制辽藁本白粉病和叶斑病的发生和蔓延,间作方式对辽藁本病害的生物性防治方面具有显著作用和重要意义;而在研究华北蝼蛄、东北大黑鳃金龟、菊小长管蚜和宽边黄粉蝶等四种虫害方面,两种种植方式中其虫口密度差异较显著,分别由7.92下降到7.77、由8.22下降到7.61、由7.95下降到7.51、8.31下降到7.78,然而虫害在种植初期和后期的差异非常显著,其虫口密度显著提高,说明间作方式能够有效控制以上四种虫害的短暂发育,但是对虫害长期蔓延的控制效果并不显著。To study the biological effect of Clematis manshurica on the other crop diseases and insect pests, new technologies are developed for green pest control of non-pesticide application. Through the comparison tests between intercropping and non- intercropping Clematis manshurica in Ligusticum jeholense, we use the observation method of plant diseases and insect pests incidence rate, disease index, insect density to measure the incidence and disease index of plant diseases and pests in Ligusticum jeholense seedling stage and maturity stage. It is found that, in intercropping and non-intercropping, the difference of powdery mildew is extremely significant, the average incidence of disease decreased from 4.68% to 0.82%, and the difference of leaf spot is significant, the average disease severity index decreased from 6.37 to 5.07. It is indicated that the intercropping can effectively control the occurrence and spread of powdery mildew and leaf spot disease in Ligusticum jeholense. The intercropping system plays an important role in the biological control of disease in Ligusticum jeholense. In the study of four insect pests, Gryllotalpa unispina, Holotrichiadiomphalia Bates, Macrosiphoniella sanborni, Eurema hecabe, the difference of the insect density is significant in the different farming methods, which decreased from 7.92 to 7.77, from 8.22 to 7.61, from 7.95 to 7.51 and 8.31 to 7.78. However, the difference between early and late planting is extremely significant, the density of insect increased significantly, indicating that intercropping can effectively control the short development of these four pests, but the control effect on the long- term spread of pests is not significant.

关 键 词：杀菌作用 药材作物 发病率 病情指数 

分 类 号：S435.672[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]