2011-2016年宁夏某医院住院患者医院感染情况分析  

Analysis of Nosocomial Infection of Inpatients in a Hospital of Ningxia from 2011 to 2016

作　　者：刘婷 邱松 王志翔[1] 陆钊罡[1] 汪华 LIU Ting;QIU Song;WANG Zhixiang;LU Zhaogang(Department of Infection Control,People＇s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region（First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities）,Yinchuan 750021)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区人民医院(西北民族大学第一附属医院)感染管理科,银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏医科大学学报》2018年第6期659-662,共4页Journal of Ningxia Medical University

摘　　要：目的通过连续的感染监测资料,了解2011-2016年宁夏某三级甲等综合医院发生医院感染情况,为今后有效预防和控制医院感染提供依据。方法对该医院2011-2016年收治的住院患者进行医院感染情况回顾性分析。结果 5年共计发生医院感染5048人次,医院感染率平均为2.25%;2011-2016年每年医院感染率分别是3.69%、2.86%、2.63%、1.90%、1.69%和1.59%。各年度医院感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同科室间医院感染发生率不同(P<0.05);感染部位居前三位依次为上呼吸道、下呼吸道、泌尿道,分别占44.26%、36.30%、5.90%,构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);5048例医院感染患者标本送检3633例次,其中常见革兰阳性(G^+)菌780株,常见革兰阴性(G^-)菌1649例,真菌1045例,构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对医院感染高发科室、高发部位及常见病原菌分布,重点开展目标性监测,尤其加强对呼吸道感染的院感发生的预防控制,加强医务人员的培训,增强无菌操作意识,提高手卫生依从性,以有效预防和控制院感的发生。Objective To investigate the occurrence of nosocomial infection in a three-level general hospital of Ningxia from 2011 to 2016 through continuous infection surveillance data, so as to provide evidence for the effective prevention and control of nosocomial infections in the future. Methods A retrospective analysis o{ nosocomial infections in inpatients admitted to the hospital from 2011 to 2016 was conducted. Results A total of 5048 hospital infections occurred in 5 years,and the hospital infection rate was 2.25%. The hospital infection rates in different years were significantly different（P〈0.01 ）. The incidence of nosocomial infections among different departments was different, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The top three sites of infection were upper respiratory tract, lower respiratory tract, and urinary tract ,respectively, accounting for 44.26 %, 36.30%, 5.90%, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05） ;A total of 3633 cases from 5048 cases of nosocomial infection patients were submitted,of which 780 Gram-positive （G＋） bacteria were common, 1649 were Gram-negative （G-） , and 1045 were fungi, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.Conclusion Aiming at the high incidence of nosocomial infection, the high incidence area and the distribution of common pathogenic bacteria,we should focus on the objective monitoring, especially to strengthen the prevention and control of hospital sense of respiratory tract infection, strengthen the training of medical staff, enhance the consciousness of aseptic operation and improve the compliance of hand hygiene, so as to prevent and control the sense of hospital.

关 键 词：医院感染 感染率 感染部位 住院病人 宁夏 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]