SPS措施对国际农产品贸易的影响研究  

A Review of the Studies on the Effect of SPS Measures upon Agricultural Trade

作　　者：陈龙江 王莉 CHEN Longjiang;WANG Li(School of Economics and Trade,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学经济贸易学院,广州510006

出　　处：《广东外语外贸大学学报》2018年第3期14-20,28,共8页Journal of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"中国种业对外开放的适度性评估与政策选择"(12CGL064)

摘　　要：SPS措施凭借其合理性、隐蔽性、灵活性成为发达国家保护国内农产品和食品市场的常用工具。对已有研究从SPS措施壁垒的判定、量度方法、贸易效应的实证方法与估计结果、应对策略等方面进行梳理,结果表明:目前国内外研究对单一SPS措施是否构成贸易壁垒的判定各有侧重并未达成一致;对SPS措施的量度则主要采用清单法、价格楔法和标准限量法,对SPS措施的贸易效应主要采用成本收益分析、局部均衡分析、一般均衡分析和引力模型分析等方法评估。大部分估计结果支持SPS措施将抑制一国农产品出口的观点,而部分基于长期视角的估计结果则认为,SPS措施将通过降低信息不对称和倒逼出口国技术升级等机制促进贸易增长。已有研究亦从国际组织、政府、企业三个维度提出应对SPS壁垒的策略。SPS measures, because of their rationality, concealment and flexibility, are commonly taken by developed countries to protect their domestic agricultural products and food markets. An in-depth review of the exis6ng studies is made mainly from following perspectives ： the judgment of barriers and the quantitative measurement of SPS measures, the empirical models and the results of trade effect, and the counter- measures as well. It is found that： （1） there is no agreement on whether or not an SPS measure constitutes a trade barrier; （2） the prevailing methods for quantitative measurements of SPS measures are inventory, price wedge, and standard limit ; and （3） to estimate the effect of SPS measures on trade, most researchers mainly conduct such analyses like cost-benefit, partial model. While most results lend support to the view that equilibrium and general equilibrium, and gravity such measures will inhibit a country＇s agricultural exports, some long-term researches demonstrate that the measures will promote the growth of trade by reducing information asymmetry and facilitating the technological upgrading in an exporting country. This paper further shows that countermeasures have also been put forward from three dimensions, namely international organizations, governments and enterprises.

关 键 词：农产品贸易 SPS措施 贸易效应 量化方法 

分 类 号：F741.2[经济管理—国际贸易]