CTBT大气放射性氙监测技术进展  

Progress of CTBT Atmospheric Radioactive Xenon Monitoring Technology

作　　者：陈占营[1,2] 黑东炜[3] 王建龙[2] CHEN Zhan-ying;HEI Dong-wei;WANG Jian-long(CTBT Beijing National Data Centre and Radionuclide Laboratory,Beijing 100085,China;Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi＇an 710024,China;Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]禁核试北京国家数据中心和北京放射性核素实验室,北京100085 [2]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084 [3]西北核技术研究所,西安710024

出　　处：《现代应用物理》2018年第3期10-20,共11页Modern Applied Physics

基　　金：教育部博士点资金资助项目(No.20130002130012);长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目(IRT-13026)

摘　　要：介绍了全面禁止核试验条约(CTBT)中涉及的放射性氙同位素及其来源、核爆炸产生放射性氙同位素特征和CTBT大气放射性氙监测技术,重点总结了CTBT中大气放射性氙的取样、测量、事件性质识别和源项解析等技术的最新进展。在氙监测设备方面,已有3套商业化的氙监测系统可供采购,且氙同位素取样效率和探测灵敏度已远超临时技术秘书处设定的技术指标要求;在放射性氙同位素活度测量与能谱分析方面,Si-PIN新型探测器研究取得较大进展,建立了放射性氙数据分析软件;在氙监测事件性质识别方面,建立了Kalinowski判据模型;在大气输运模拟研究与应用方面,基于FLEXPART模型开发了Web-Grape和WebGrape IBS软件。但从实际监测效果看,有效获取敏感核素对及核素比,并依此提供确凿核爆炸证据的能力尚显不足。下一步工作应聚焦在氙同位素探测灵敏度提升、氙监测事件识别及溯源等研究上。This paper introduces the radioactive xenon isotopes and their sources involved in the comprehensive nuclear ban treaty（CTBT）, the characteristics of radioactive xenon isotopes produced by nuclear explosion, and the monitoring technology of atmosphere radioactive xenon by CTBT. The latest advances in the techniques of sampling, measurement, event identification and source term analysis of atmospheric radioactive xenon in CTBT are summarized. There have been three commercial xenon monitoring systems available for xenon monitoring in the market. The xenon isotope sampling efficiency and detection sensitivity of these equipments are much better than the technical requirements set by the Provisional Technical Secretariat. For radioisotope activity measurement and energy spectrum analysis, promising progress has been achieved in developing new type of Si-PIN detectors. The radioactive xenon data analysis software has been established, and the Kalinowski criterion model has been used in the character recognition of xenon monitoring events. In terms of atmospheric transport simulation research and application, based on the FLEXPART model, applications using Web-Grape and Web-Grape IBS software are developed. However, from the actual monitoring results, the ability to effectively acquire sensitive nuclides and nuclides ratio for providing the evidence of nuclear explosion is still insufficient. The next researsh should focus on the enhancement of xenon isotope detection sensitivity, xenon monitoring event identification and event sourcing.

关 键 词：全面禁止核试验条约 大气放射性氙 监测 

分 类 号：O571.3[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]