某省2006至2015年职业中毒发病分析  

Analysis of occupational poisoning in Jiangsu Province, from 2006-2015

作　　者：余彬[1] 丁帮梅[1] 朱晓俊[2] 沈涵[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,南京210028 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2018年第8期622-625,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心青年科研基金项目（2016A202）

摘　　要：目的分析江苏省2006至2015年的职业中毒发病特点和规律，为制定有效的干预措施和防治策略提供科学依据。方法根据2006至2015年江苏省职业中毒网络报告的数据资料，经EXCEL表格整理、审核后，使用SPSS软件，对数据资料进行流行病学统计分析。结果近10年江苏省网络报告的职业性中毒病例数呈现先增高后下降趋势。2006至2015年江苏省共报告急性职业中毒547例，占中毒总数的35．82％，慢性职业中毒980例（64．18％）。急性中毒病例男女之比为2．48：1，慢性中毒男女之比为1．55：1。中毒病例以中青年，工龄≤5年的人群为主。经济较为发达的江苏南部地区职业中毒（慢性中毒病例为主）报告病例数高于经济欠发达的江苏北部地区（急性中毒病例为主）。报告的职业中毒病死率最高的为窒息性气体中毒（5．43％），其次分别为刺激性气体中毒（2．99％）、有机溶剂中毒（0．47％）。报告的职业性中毒病例，来自大型、股份制企业最多，尤以慢性中毒为主；急性中毒病例，来自小、微型个体、私营企业较多。结论江苏省职业中毒病例应根据毒物种类、地区经济差异、企业规模和经济类型特点，实行有重点的分类防治。Objective Analysis of occupational poisoning character and laws in Jiangsu Province from 2006-2015,so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation of effective intervention measures and prevention strategies, Methods According to the data of Jiangsu province occupational poisoning cases reports of year 2006 to 2015, by EXCEL arranged, using SPSS software to do epidemiological data statistical analysis. Results In the past ten years, the number of occupational poisoning cases reported in Jiangsu province increased first and then declined. 547 cases of acute occupational poisoning reported in Jiangsu province from 2006-2015 years （35.82% of the total poisoning cases, the same below）, 980 cases of chronic occupational poisoning （64.18% ）. The ratio of male and female in acute poisoning was 2.48, while 1.55 of chronic poisoning. The eases of poisoning reported were young and middle-aged, and working years was mainly in 5 years. The cases reported in the south of Jiangsu （mainly is chronic poisoning） is higher than that in the northern part of Jiangsu （mainly is acute poisoning）, which is more economically underdeveloped.. The reported highest mortality rate of occupational poisoning is asphyxia gas poisoning （ 5.43% ）, followed by irritating gas poisoning （2.99%） and organic solvent poisoning （0.47%）. Many more occupational poisoning cases reported from large, joint-stuck enterprises ,especially chronic poisoning. Meanwhile more cases of acute poisoning reported from small, micro private enterprises. Conclusion Although a decline in occupational poisoning cases in Jiangsu, the prevention and treatment measures are still not lax. According to the species of toxic, regional economic differences, the scale of the enterprises and the type of economy, the characteristic key classification and prevention should be carried out. Expand the coverage of hospitals in the diagnosis and reporting of occupational poisoning diseases, and strive to improve the quality of occupational disease reports

关 键 词：职业中毒 职业病报告 流行病学研究 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]