基于仿真的小型数据中心气流组织研究  

Simulation-based research on airflow organization for small data center

作　　者：周成龙[1] 杨春信[1] 王超[1] 张兴娟[1] ZHOU Chenglong;YANG Chunxin;WANG Chao;ZHANG Xingjuan(School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2018年第8期1682-1692,共11页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：国家"973"计划(2012CB720100)~~

摘　　要：为了实现小型数据中心能在办公室环境中运行而降低运行成本这一实际需求,提出了蒸汽压缩制冷系统与服务器融合封闭的降噪与制冷的一体化设计方案。在关键部件——轴流风扇和蒸发器的仿真策略得到验证的基础上,建立了系统气流组织仿真模型以分析箱体内流动与换热特征,以方差和信息熵构建不均匀性评价指标以评估不同风扇排布方式对服务器温度场均匀性的影响,讨论了发热密度增大时的应对策略。结果表明,轴流风扇不均匀的动量驱动导致了蒸发器内不均匀的流动与换热,所设计的降噪制冷系统可以使服务器的排风温度控制在21.6~22.2℃,增加蒸发器的散热风扇可以整体上改善温度场均匀性,发热密度增大时增大服务器的通风量是降低排风温度的有效措施。To allow small data center to work under the office environment to reduce the operating cost,an integrated design of noise reduction and refrigeration is proposed by combining the vapor compression refrigeration system with the server. Based on the verified simulation method of two key component,axial flow fan and evaporator,an airflow organization simulation model for this complex system is developed to predict the airflow and heat transfer. Nonuniformity evaluation indexes based on information entropy and variance are set up to evaluate the influence of different fan arrangement modes on the uniformity of server temperature field.The strategy to deal with larger heat density is analyzed. The results show that the nonuniform momentum drive of axial flow fan leads to uneven flow and heat transfer in the evaporator. The designed noise reduction and refrigeration system is able to maintain the exhaust temperature of the server between 21. 6℃ and 22. 2℃.Increasing the number of cooling fans can improve the uniformity of temperature field. When heat density increases,increasing the ventilation rate of the server can effectively reduce the exhaust temperature.

关 键 词：小型数据中心 降噪 制冷 气流组织 计算流体力学(CFD) 

分 类 号：TB657.2[一般工业技术—制冷工程]