山区空巢老人健康状况调查  

Investigation on the health status of empty nesters in mountainous areas

作　　者：曾长佑[1] 胡志勇[2] 刘晓红[1] 应露瑶 李金诚 胡志前 ZENG Chang-you;HU Zhi-yong;LIU Xiao-hong;YING Lu-yao;LI Jin-cheng;HU Zhi-qian(Department of Non-communicable Diseases Control and Prevention,Lishui Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhejiang 323000,China)

机构地区：[1]丽水市疾病预防控制中心慢病科,浙江丽水323000 [2]苏州大学公共卫生学院 [3]诸城市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《预防医学》2018年第10期978-981,共4页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：丽水市科技局公益性技术应用研究项目(2015JYZB36);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX17_2028);丽水市科技局公益性技术应用研究项目(2014JYZB11)

摘　　要：目的了解丽水市山区空巢老人的健康状况,为提高空巢老人卫生保健服务质量提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取丽水市3个县(市、区)30个行政村200名空巢老人和按2∶1匹配的100名非空巢老人,采用中文版简明健康调查量表(SF-36)、简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)评价空巢老人的生理、心理健康和社会支持情况。结果实际获得有效问卷243份,问卷有效率为81.00%。空巢老人慢性病患病率为73.46%,高于非空巢老人的56.79%(P<0.05)。空巢老人SF-36量表的总体健康得分为(53.25±19.24)分、情感角色得分为(79.32±47.17)分,均低于非空巢老人的(62.15±18.82)和(84.81±54.45)分(P<0.05);而生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、社会功能、精神健康和活力6个维度得分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。空巢老人抑郁症状检出率为70.37%,高于非空巢老人的55.56%(P<0.05)。空巢老人的客观支持得分为(7.59±2.45)分,低于非空巢老人的(8.35±1.84)分(P<0.05);总分、主观支持得分和支持利用度得分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论丽水市山区空巢老人健康状况较非空巢老人差,社会客观支持度较非空巢老人低。Objective To investigate the health status of the empty nesters in mountainous areas of Lishui and to provide basis for improving their health care service. Methods We enrolled 200 empty nesters and 100 non-empty nesters from 3 counties of Lishui by stratified cluster sampling method. We investigated their physical health, mental health and social support status by Chinese version of Medical Outcomes 36-Item Short Form Health Survey（SF-36）,Geriatric Depression Scale-15（GDS-15）and Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS）. Results We received 243 valid questionnaires and the response rate was 81.00%.The prevalence of chronic diseases in empty nesters was significantly higher than that in non-empty nesters（73.46% vs. 56.79%,P 〈0.05）. From the results of SF-36, the scores of overall health and emotional role in empty nesters were significanly lower than non-empty nesters（53.25±19.24 vs. 62.15±18.82;79.32±47.17 vs. 84.81±54.45;all P〈0.05）;while there were no statistical differences between the two groups in the scores of physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, social functioning,role-emotional,mental health and vitality（all P〉0.05）. The rate of depression in empty nesters was significantly higher than that in non-empty nesters（70.37% vs. 55.56%, P 〈0.05）. The scores of objective support in empty nesters was significantly lower than that in non-empty nesters（7.59 ±2.45 vs. 8.35 ±1.84, P 〈0.05）; while there were no statistical differences between the two groups in the scores of subjective support, support utilization and the total scores（all P 〉0.05）.Conclusion The general health and social support status of the empty nesters in mountainous areas of Lishui are poorer than that of non-empty nesters.

关 键 词：空巢老人 健康状况 抑郁 社会支持 山区 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]