应用EPA吸入风险评估方法评估皮革制造企业职业健康风险  

Application of EPA inhalation risk assessment model to occupational health risk assessment in leather manufacture

作　　者：张海蕾[1] 尹灵富[1] 方家阳 袁伟明[2] 张美辨[2] ZHANG Hai-lei;YIN Ling-fu;FANG Jia-yang;YUAN Wei-ming;ZHANG Mei-bian(Department of Environment and Occupational Health,Taizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhejiang 318000,China)

机构地区：[1]台州市疾病预防控制中心环境与职业卫生科,浙江台州318000 [2]浙江省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《预防医学》2018年第10期1002-1006,共5页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：浙江省卫生高层次创新人才培养工程项目(浙卫发[2016]63号)

摘　　要：目的应用美国环境保护署(EPA)吸入风险评估方法评估皮革制造企业重点岗位的职业健康风险。方法以3家生产工艺完整的皮革制造企业(A、B、C)为研究现场,应用EPA吸入风险评估法对重点岗位的职业危害因素进行风险评估。结果皮革制造企业主要的职业危害因素是二甲基甲酰胺、甲苯和丁酮。3家企业各车间(湿法、干法和三版)各岗位(配料、涂台、送料、粘合和复色)的甲苯、丁酮浓度均未超过职业接触限值,部分岗位的二甲基甲酰胺浓度超过职业接触限值。评估结果显示,3家企业各岗位的二甲基甲酰胺的危害指数(HQ)为3.77~1 561.46,均为高风险水平;其中B企业三版配料岗位的甲苯HQ为2.22,丁酮HQ为2.83,均为高风险水平;A、C企业的甲苯、丁酮HQ均<1,为低风险水平。结论 EPA吸入风险评估方法对皮革制造企业二甲基甲酰胺、甲苯和丁酮的职业健康风险评估有一定的指导意义。Objective To assess the occupational health risk of key positions in leather manufacturing enterprises. Methods The US Environmental Protection Agency（EPA） inhalation risk assessment method was applied to evaluating occupational hazards in key positions of three leather manufacturing enterprises with complete production processes. Results The main occupational hazards in leather manufacturing enterprises were dimethylformamide,toluene and butanone. The concentrations of toluene and butanone in all positions（dosing, coating, feeding, bonding, and re-coloring） of the three enterprises did not exceed occupational exposure limits, while the concentrations of dimethylformamide in some positions exceeded occupational exposure limits. The hazard quotient（HQ） of dimethylformamide in each position of the three enterprises ranged from 3.77 to1 561.46,which was at high risk. The HQ of toluene in three edition dosing of B enterprise was 2.22,for butanone was 2.83,which were at high risk. For A and C enterprise,the HQ of toluene and butanone were all less than 1,which were at low risk.Conclusion The US EPA inhalation risk assessment method could be used for the occupational health risk assessment of dimethylformamide,toluene and butanone in leather manufacturing enterprises.

关 键 词：EPA吸入风险评估 皮革制造企业 职业健康 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生]