从空间向度审视奥威尔《一九八四》中的身体规训机制  

On Mechanism of Body Discipline in George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four from Spatial Dimension

作　　者：赖丹琪[1] LAI Danqi(Institute of World Literature ＆ Comparative Literature,School of Humanities,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China 310007)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学人文学院,浙江杭州310007

出　　处：《温州大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第5期98-103,共6页Journal of Wenzhou University：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：福柯认为空间是权力运作的基础,其权力规训理论中包含了空间、身体、规训三者的相互作用。奥威尔的《一九八四》成书早于《规训与惩罚》,却以具象的形式极端化地呈现了福柯意义上的身体规训机制。"大洋国"中的"全景敞视"空间从物质空间过渡到心理、思想空间,从而使权力自动化。通过规定身体所处的空间并对之进行规训,权力得以控制身体来囚禁灵魂。温斯顿对权力的反叛也是通过身体逃离空间的约束而进行的。然而,小说反乌托邦式的结局深刻地揭示:权力规训机制实质是经由身体的规训控制思想空间,肉体的被规训与征服只是表象。It is figured out by Michel Foucault that space is the foundation of the power operation and his theory of power regulatory includes the interaction of space, body and discipline. George Orwell＇s 1984, written before Discipline and Punish, represents the mechanism of the body discipline in a concrete and extreme way of Michel Foucault. The panoptic space in ＂Oceania＂ transforms physical space to the space of mentality and ideology and thus enables the power to function automatically. The power manages to control the body in order to imprison the soul by means of the regulation and discipline of the body in space. While Winston＇s resistance against the power is also realized by the body＇s escaping from the restraint of the space. Nevertheless, the dystopian ending of the novel deeply reveals that the essence of the genealogy disciplinary mechanism is the dominance of ideological space via the discipline of body while the submission of the human body is only the appearance.

关 键 词：奥威尔 《一九八四》 规训 “全景敞视”空间 身体 

分 类 号：I712.246[文学—其他各国文学]