苹果新梢生长速度日变化与温湿度·比叶重和净光合速率关系的研究  

Relationships between the Daily Variation of Growth Speed of Young Shoots,Temperature and Humidity,Specific Leaf Weight and Net Photosynthetic Rate

作　　者：聂佩显[1] 王兆顺 叶炯亮 薛晓敏[1] 王金政[1] NIE Pei-xian;WANG Zhao-shun;YE Jiong-liang(Shandong Institute of Pomology,Tai＇an,Shandong 271000;Fruit Tree and Tea Workstation of Weihai City,Weihai,Shandong 264200;Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266590)

机构地区：[1]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271000 [2]威海市果树茶叶工作站,山东威海264200 [3]山东科技大学,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2018年第26期54-56,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-28);苹果节本增效省力化栽培技术研究;山东名特优果品提质增效与标准化生产关键技术研究(2014CXZ04-1)

摘　　要：[目的]研究苹果新梢生长速度日变化与温湿度、比叶重和净光合速率关系。[方法]以5年生嘎啦和烟富3为试材,研究了苹果树新梢生长速度日变化与环境温度、湿度、比叶重、光合作用之间的相关规律。[结果]嘎啦和烟富3新梢生长速度日变化趋势基本一致,都呈先升高后降低的趋势,以07:30为基点开始,19:30生长速度达到最大值,嘎啦和烟富3新梢的生长速度分别为0.433和0.410 mm/h,09:30生长速度出现最小值,分别为0.110和0.108 mm/h。累积生长量嘎啦高于烟富3,分别为6.861和5.662 mm/d;日间枝条生长速度与气温呈正相关,与净光合速率呈负相关,其中烟富3相关系数达显著水平。[结论]该研究为更加精准地实施果树水肥控制提供理论依据。[Objective] To research the relationship between the daily variation of growth speed of young shoots,temperature and humidity,specific leaf weight and net photosynthetic rate.[Method] With five-year-old Gala and Yanfu 3 apple cultivars as the test materials,we researched the relationship between young shoot growth rate and temperature,relative humidity,leaf mass per area,net photosynthetic rate.[Result] The daily variation of growth speed of new young shoots of two cultivars had the same change tendency basically,which was increased during the day and descended at night.And the trend of diurnal growth rate was similar between the two varieties.The growth speed of young shoots of Gala and Yanfu 3 reached the maximum at 19：30,which were 0.433 and 0.410 mm/h,respectively,and fell to the minimum at 9：30,which were 0.110 and 0.108 mm/h, respectively.The daily average growth speed of young shoots was 6.861 mm/d in Gala apple trees and 5.662 mm/d in Yanfu 3 apple trees.The growth speed of young shoots was positively correlated with the temperature,and negatively correlated with the net photosynthetic rate,the correlative coefficient of Yanfu 3 apple trees was highly remarkable （P 〈0.05）.[Conclusion] This research provided theoretical basis for the accurate control of fertilization and water for fruit tree.

关 键 词：苹果 新梢 生长速度 温湿度 净光合速率 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]