普通数码相机的坡面位移监测适用性研究  

Applicability of slope superficial displacement monitoring by ordinary digital camera

作　　者：何刚 罗昊 王耀[2] He Gang;Luo Hao;Wang Yao(Chongqing Research Institute,China Coal Technology and Engineering Group,Chongqing 400039,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司,重庆400039 [2]重庆大学电气工程学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《能源与环保》2018年第9期88-93,共6页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

基　　金："十三五"重大专项(2016ZX05045002-003);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51777017)

摘　　要：利用近景摄影软件Photo Modeler Scanner设计了一套简单的坡面位移观测方法。使用标定后的普通数码相机快速获取坡面位移监测点的多角度图像,图像经过增强处理后导入软件,利用相关功能模块进行处理后,导出各位移监测点的X、Y、Z三分量坐标。在长期多次测量后,得到坡面各监测点的各位移分量曲线。在每次进行摄影测量的同时,利用0. 5'高精度全站仪获得各点的三维坐标作为真实值。待坡面位移基本稳定结束观测后,整理数据,以摄影测量值对比真实值计算出均值平方根(Root Mean Square Error,RMSE),以评估近景摄影法的精度。结果显示,除部分点误差较大外,多数点测值RMSE值在±2. 0 mm左右,三分量总RMSE值为±2. 8 mm。说明该研究提出的基于PhotoModeler Scanner的近景摄影测量方法满足一般坡面工程的位移监测要求,可运用于坡面安全状态的评定。A superficial slope displacement monitoring system based on PhotoModeler Scanner is put forward. Photos were quickly shot by a calibrated ordinary digital camera from various visual angles. Images are imported into software after image enhancement processing. Whereafter,image data was processed by using several software function modules. Thus, the X, Y,Z three component coordinate values of all the displacement monitoring points were exported. After a period of monitoring, component displacement curves of the monitoring points were drawn. 3D coordinate values of each point were measured by 0. 5＇ precision total station instrument simultaneously. These values measured by total station instrument are treated as true values. After the observation of slope displacement is basically stable, the data are sorted out and the mean square root （RMSE） is calculated by comparing the photogrammetrie values with the real values to evaluate the accuracy of this close-range photogrammetry. Results showed that, apart from a few points, RMSE values of the most points are about ± 2. 0 mm, and the total RMSE value is ± 2. 8 mm. It states clearly that the superficial slope displacement monitoring system using ordinary digital camera can meet the displacement monitoring requirements of general slope engineering and can be used to assess the slope safety state.

关 键 词：坡面 位移监测 近景摄影测量 精度分析 

分 类 号：P258[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]