温带长白山天然阔叶林沼泽湿地生态系统碳储量  

Carbon storage of natural broadleaved forested marsh wetland ecosystem in temperate Changbai Mountain of northeastern China

作　　者：闫苏 牟长城[1] 王伯炜 王彪[1] Yan Su;Mu Changcheng;Wang Bowei;Wang Biao(Center for Ecological Research,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生态研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2018年第8期1-11,共11页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370461);"十三五"国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC050021-02)

摘　　要：【目的】数据性分析了几种沼泽类型的长期碳汇作用、碳储量和固碳能力。目的是为了揭示几种沼泽类型的空间变异规律。【方法】采用年轮分析仪及相对生长方程法与碳/氮分析仪测定法,研究了生态系统的植被年净固碳量及净初级生产力,主要研究温带长白山沿湿地过渡带环境梯度顺序分布的4种天然沼泽的生态系统碳储量(土壤和植被),这4种沼泽类型包括:白桦沼泽、毛赤杨沼泽、灌丛沼泽和草丛沼泽。并分析了这几种类型的沼泽沿过渡带水分环境梯度的分布格局。【结果】(1)各个不同的沼泽植被碳储量分布((3.18±0.17)t/m^2^(54.04±23.76)t/m^2)沿过渡带环境梯度呈递增趋势,2种阔叶林沼泽显著高于草丛沼泽和灌丛沼泽15.9~16.0倍和9.3~9.4倍(P<0.05),且灌丛沼泽高于草丛沼泽0.63倍(P>0.05)。(2)土壤碳储量为((459.67±7.11)t/hm^2^(824.5±50.79)t/hm^2)跟随过渡带环境梯度出现递减趋势,草丛沼泽显著高于2种森林沼泽和灌丛沼泽30.8%~79.4%(P<0.05),灌丛沼泽显著高于2种森林沼泽20.4%~37.1%(P<0.05)。(3)生态系统碳储量((516.71±6.44)t/hm^2^(827.52±50.96)t/hm^2)的草丛沼泽显著高于灌丛沼泽与森林沼泽30.2%~61.3%(P<0.05),这表明沿过渡带环境梯度生态系统碳储量总体上也呈递减趋势,灌丛沼泽高于白桦沼泽23.8%(P<0.05)和毛赤杨沼泽10.0%(P>0.05)。(4)植被年净固碳量((2.44±0.03)t/(hm^2·a)^(6.36±0.53)t/(hm^2·a))沿过渡带环境梯度呈现出阶梯式递增趋势,2种森林沼泽显著高于草丛沼泽与灌丛沼泽1.4~1.6倍和1.3~1.4倍(P<0.05),且高于中国陆地植被年均固碳量20%~30%及全球植被年均固碳量45%~55%。【结论】这表明森林沼泽湿地的固碳量远远高于陆地植被固碳量,故温带长白山2种阔叶林沼泽应属于高固碳湿地类型。[Objective] This paper dataly analyzed the long-term carbon sequestration,carbon storage and carbon sequestration capacity of several swamp types. The aim is to reveal the spatial variability of several types of swamp. [Method]Using the Ring analyzer and the relative growth equation method and the carbon/Nitrogen Analyzer Determination method,the annual net carbon sequestration and net primary productivity of vegetation in the ecosystem were studied,and the carbon reserves（ soil and vegetation） of4 natural swamp ecosystems with gradient sequence distribution of environmental gradients in the temperate Changbai Mountain from the wetland transition zone were studied,and the 4 types of marsh included： birch swamp,Mauchian swamp,thickets of swamp,and grassy swamp. The distribution pattern of the water environment gradients along the transitional zone of these types of swamp was analyzed. [Result]（ 1） The vegetation carbon storage（ VCS） of four wetland types varied from（ 3. 02 ±0. 17） t/ha to（ 57. 04 ± 5. 35） t/ha,which took on an increasing trend along the water environmental gradient. VCS of two broadleaved forested wetlands was significantly higher than that of marsh and shrub wetland by 15. 9-16. 0 and 9. 3-9. 4 times（ P〈0. 05）,and VCS of shrub wetland was 0. 63 times higher than marsh wetland（ P〉0. 05）.（ 2） The soil carbon storage（ SCS） of four wetland types varied from（ 459. 67 ± 7. 11） t/ha to（ 824. 5 ± 50. 79） t/ha,which showed a decreasing trend along the environmental gradient. SCS of marsh wetland was significantly higher than shrub wetland and two forested wetland by 30. 8%-79. 4%（ P〈0. 05）,and SCS of shrub wetland was higher than two forested wetland by 20. 4%-37. 1%（ P〈0. 05）.（ 3） The ecosystem carbon storage（ ECS） of four wetland types varied from（ 516. 71 ± 6. 44） t/ha to（ 827. 52 ± 50. 96） t/ha,which also showed a decreasing trend along the environmental gradient. ECS of marsh wetland was significantly higher than shru

关 键 词：温带长白山 天然沼泽湿地 生态系统碳储量 净初级生产力 年净固碳量 

分 类 号：S718.556[农业科学—林学]