从互害型社会走向互利型社会——中国社会主要矛盾的转化及应对  

From Mutual Aggression to Mutual Benefit

作　　者：张善根 

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学行政法学院 [2]重庆市地方立法研究协同创新中心

出　　处：《探索与争鸣》2018年第8期75-83,共9页Exploration and Free Views

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"社会主义核心价值观融入基层社会治理研究"(17VHJ006);中央财政支持地方高校发展专项资金项目"地方法治实践研究创新团队建设"

摘　　要：社会互害是改革开放以来逐渐形成的较为独特的社会现象和社会问题,是人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间矛盾的重要体现,如不加以有效规制,将演化为互害型社会。社会互害的典型特征是易粪相食、破坏性发展和交互相害,而本质则是过度利己主义的短视。社会互害的危害对个体而言,将导致人人自危、相互过度防卫,其不仅会导致社会中的每一个人成为受害者,也使每个人将成为潜在的侵害人;对社会而言,将解构并推毁社会信任体系,可能导致社会自身的崩溃;对国家而言,将严重制约全面深化改革和全面依法治国的战略部署,可能导致国家的失序。社会互害的形成,与改革开放以来片面强调个人私利所导致的极端利己主义紧密相关,而法律的功能缺失也具有不可推卸的责任。如何规制和调整利益关系,阻断过度利己主义的危害,使互害转化为互利,是当前法治规制的目标和功能所在。Mutual aggression in society as a special social phenomenon and social problem was formed in China since 1978. And it is a contradiction between the growing needs of the people's better life and the uneven development of imbalances. Mutual aggression in society will become a mutual aggression society if it lacks effective regulation. The characteristics of mutual aggression in society are feeding each other with fecal food,destructive development and interactive harm, and the essence is short-sightedness of extreme egoism. There are three consequences of mutual aggression in society. For the individual,it will lead everyone to be self-defeating and over-defense, everyone becomes a victim and will become an aggressor; For society, the social trust system will be deconstructed and ruined,and even to collapse; For the country, the general purpose of deepening its all-round reform and ruling the country by law are seriously affected, even to suffer disorder. Extreme egoism and negative function of the law are responsible for mutual aggression in society since 1978. Therefore,the strategic goals of the law are regulating and adjusting the interests,preventing extreme egoism,and transforming mutual aggression into mutual benefit.

关 键 词：社会互害 社会矛盾转化 利己主义 利他主义 法治规制 社会键 

分 类 号：D61[政治法律—政治学]