贵州省实施乙型病毒性肝炎疫苗免疫策略的效果分析  

Effect of the hepatitis B immunization strategy in Guizhou province

作　　者：张丽[1] 杨燕妮 冯军[1] 陶沁[1] 管庆虎[1] 刘铭[1] 赵苏晔[1] Zhang Li;Yang Yanni;Feng Jun;Tao Qin;Guan Qinghu;Liu Ming;Zhao Suye(Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou,China;College of Public Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550004 [2]贵州医科大学公共卫生学院,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2018年第4期402-407,共6页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：目的分析贵州省乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）免疫策略的实施效果。方法收集贵州省2003年乙肝疫苗（Hep B）纳入免疫规划（EPI）后Hep B常规免疫、1994-2007年出生人群查漏补种以及1992年、2006年、2014年1-29岁人群乙肝血清流行病学调查与乙肝报告发病等数据,比较分析Hep B接种率、乙肝病毒（HBV）流行率、HBV表面抗原（HBs Ag）流行率。结果贵州省1992年1-4岁、5-14岁、15-29岁HBV流行率分别为29.92%、44.89%、59.73%,2014年分别为1.33%、9.32%、34.50%。2006年3个年龄组HBs Ag流行率分别为2.72%、2.94%、6.47%,2014年分别为0.66%、1.69%、5.00%。2014年3个年龄组Hep B调查接种率分别为100%、82.63%、26.00%。2004-2014年1-29岁人群乙肝发病率为2.38/10万-145.73/10万,其中1-14岁、15-29岁分别为2.38/10万-28.59/10万、37.36/10万-73.80/10万,分别比2006年下降79.43%-82.22%、38.87%-48.35%。结论贵州省Hep B纳入EPI后使1-29岁（特别是1-14岁）人群HBV和HBs Ag流行率、乙肝发病率显著下降。Objective To evaluate the effect of the hepatitis B immunization strategy in Guizhou province. Methods We collected data on routine vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine（ HepB）,catch-up vaccination for children born in 1994-2007,sero-epidemiological surveys conducted in 1994,2006,and2014,and hepatitis B case reports since Hep B was introduced into the Expanded Program on Immunization（ EPI） in 2003. We compared Hep B coverage and prevalence of hepatitis B virus（ HBV） and HBV surface antigen（ HBsAg）. Results HBV prevalence rates among 1-4,5-14,and 15-29 year-olds,respectively,were 29. 92%,44. 89%,and 59. 73% in 1992,and 1. 33%,9. 32%,and 34. 50% in2014. HBsAg positivity rates among the 3 age groups,respectively,were 2. 72%,2. 94%,6. 47% in 2006,and 0. 66%,1. 69%,and 5. 00% in 2014. Hep B coverage rates among the 3 age groups were100%,82. 63%,and 26. 00% in 2014,respectively. Incidence rates of hepatitis B ranged 2. 38-145. 73 per 100 000 population among 1-29 year-olds during 2004-2014,with 2. 38-28. 59 per 100 000 for 1-14 year-olds and 37. 36-73. 80 per 100 000 for 15-29 year-olds,representing decreases of 79. 43%-82. 22% and 38. 87%-48. 35%,respectively,compared with in 2006. Conclusions HBV and HBs Ag prevalence and hepatitis B incidence significantly decreased among 1-29 year-olds（ especially 1-14 yearolds） after introduction of Hep B into EPI in Guizhou.

关 键 词：乙型病毒性肝炎 乙型肝炎疫苗 免疫策略 效果 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.62[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]