社区老年轻度认知损害病人知-信-行现状调查及其影响因素  

Survey of the status quo of knowledge-attitude-practice in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment and its influencing factors

作　　者：石义容 胡慧[2] 王凌[2] 艾亚婷[2] 董新秀[2] 孙凯丽[2] 李梦盈 姚巧灵 张瑜 Shi Yirong;Hu Hui;Wang Ling(Shenzhen Third People＇s Hospital,Guangdong 518114 China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市第三人民医院 [2]湖北中医药大学

出　　处：《护理研究》2018年第18期2857-2862,共6页Chinese Nursing Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目;编号:81473747

摘　　要：[目的]了解社区老年轻度认知损害(MCI)病人的知-信-行(KAP)现状及其影响因素。[方法]采用横断面调查的方法,应用一般资料调查问卷和知-信-行调查问卷对武汉市张家湾街道7个社区的248例MCI病人进行一般人口学资料、KAP情况的调查,采用SPSS 22.0统计学软件分析社区老年MCI病人KAP现状及其影响因素。[结果]本组社区老年MCI病人KAP问卷总分为(48.30±8.96)分,处于中等水平;知识维度得分(22.77±5.95)分,处于中等水平;信念/态度维度得分(9.53±3.53)分,处于较差水平;行为维度得分(15.97±3.59)分,处于中等水平。多元线性回归分析显示:女性、高龄、教育程度低、独居、很少参加社区活动的MCI病人,其MCI相关知识的知晓率低;独居、缺乏身体锻炼的MCI病人对疾病诊断的态度较消极;女性、教育程度低、兴趣爱好贫乏的MCI病人倾向于不健康的日常行为活动。[结论]社区老年MCI病人的KAP水平有待提高,性别、教育程度、居住状况、参加社区活动情况、身体锻炼情况、兴趣爱好种类等是影响MCI病人KAP水平的主要因素,社区医护人员需要重视针对性、多样化的健康教育,提高病人的KAP水平,以延缓疾病的进展。Objective：To investigate the status quo of knowledge-attitude-practice（KAP）in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment（MCI）in the community and its influencing factors.Methods：A total of 248 MCI patients in seven communities of Zhang Jiawan Street in Wuhan city were surveyed by Means of General Data Questionnaire and Knowledge-Attitude-Practice（KAP）Questionnaire to investigate the general demographic information and the status quo of KAP.The status quo and influencing factors of MCI patients were analyzed by SPSS 22.0 statistical software.Results：The total score of KAP questionnaire was（48.30±8.96）,which was at the middle level.The score of knowledge dimension was（22.77±5.95）,which was at the middle level.The score of belief score was（9.53±3.53）,which was at a poor level.The multiple regression analysis showed that MCI patients who were female,aged,with low education,living alone,and rarely participating in community activities had low awareness of MCI-related knowledge.MCI patients who were living alone and lacking physical exercise had a negative attitude toward disease diagnosis.MCI patients who were female,with low education and lacking hobbies had unhealthy daily activities.Conclusions：The KAP level of elderly MCI patients in the community need to be improved.Gender,educational level,living conditions,participation in community activities,physical exercise and hobbies were the main factors affecting KAP levels in MCI patients.Community health care workers need to pay attention to targeted and diversified health education improve the patient′s KAP level,so as to delay so as the progression of the disease.

关 键 词：轻度认知损害 知识 信念 行为 社区老年人 影响因素 健康教育 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]