医务人员血源性职业暴露后心理应激预测因素的纵向研究  

Longitudinal study onblood-occupational exposure and psychological stress predictors among medical staff

作　　者：韩瑜[1] 金广超 孙继伟[3] 刘聪聪[1] 曹枫林[3] Han Yu;Jin Guangchao;Sun Jiwei;Liu Congcong;Cao Fenglin.(Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit,Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University,Jinan 250021,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学附属省立医院外科ICU,济南250021 [2]山东大学附属济南市中心医院 [3]山东大学护理学院

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2018年第26期2005-2011,共7页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨发生血源性职业暴露医务人员心理应激的预测因素，为医院管理者对血源性职业暴露医务人员提供心理支持、进行有效的心理干预提供科学依据。方法本研究为纵向研究设计，采用目的抽样法选取发生血源性职业暴露的78名医务人员作为研究对象，采用一般资料问卷、创伤后应激障碍测评表（PCL-5）、知觉压力量表（PSS-4）、医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）、反刍思维量表（RRS）、情绪调节问卷（ERQ）对暴露后的医务人员于暴露后预防的不同时间点，即暴露时（T1）、暴露后1个月（T2）、暴露后2个月（T3）、暴露后4个月（T4）的心理应激反应程度及其不同的情绪调节方式进行测评。采用相关分析、分层回归分析对暴露人群心理应激的预测因素进行分析。结果反刍思维及情绪调节（包括重新评价和表达抑制）可以预测血源性职业暴露后医务人员不同时间点的心理应激反应。T1反刍分别解释创伤后应激障碍、焦虑、抑郁的总变异的34．4％、31．5％和22．6％。T3表达抑制解释感知压力总变异的10．7％。结论医务人员在发生血源性职业暴露后，应针对不同人群及心理特点，在暴露后1个月内，开展针对性心理干预，从而减小心理创伤，促进医务人员身心健康。Objective To explorepredictive factors of psychological stress reaction of medical staff members with blood-occupational exposure and to provides scientific basis for the hospital administrators toprovide psychological support and interventionfor medical staff members with blood-occupational exposure. Methods Seventy-eight medical staff members with blood-occupational exposure were recruited as participants. The Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist- 5, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Ruminative Responses Scale and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used to evaluate the participants＇ psychological stress reactionat different stages and the styles of their emotion regulation. Correlation analysis and Hierarchical Regression analysis were used to analyze the predictive factors of psychological stress reaction of medical staff members with blood-occupational exposure. Results Ruminative thinking and emotion regulation can predict the psychological stress reaction of medical staff members with blood-occupational exposure at different stages. Conclusions According to the psychological stress reaction and ruminative thinking of medical staff members with blood-occupational exposure, psychological intervention should be implemented within one month to decrease the psychological trauma of medical staff members with blood- occupational exposure.

关 键 词：血源性职业暴露 心理应激 反刍 情绪调节 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]