新型改性可膨胀石墨阻燃ABS复合材料的燃烧行为和力学性能研究  

Combustion Behavior and Mechanical Properties of New Modified Expandable Graphite Flame Retardant ABS Composites

作　　者：黄俊[1] 邓桢澜 王娜[3] 陈晓浪[3] Huang Jun;Deng Zhenlan;Wang Na;Chen Xiaolang(School of Materials and environmental protection,Chengdu Textile College,Chengdu 611731,China;School of Economics and Management,Chengdu Textile College,Chengdu 611731,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]成都纺织高等专科学校材料与环保学院,四川成都611731 [2]成都纺织高等专科学校经济管理学院,四川成都611731 [3]西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院材料先进技术教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《塑料科技》2018年第9期82-89,共8页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51763002);四川省教育厅重点项目(15ZA0326);成都市科技人才创新创业项目(2015-RC03-00041-HZ);大邑科技支撑计划(重点)资助项目(2016-KC-00252-GX)

摘　　要：通过一锅法原位合成了SiO2纳米粒子改性可膨胀石墨,与未被改性的可膨胀石墨（EG）相比,改性可膨胀石墨（MEG）仍然保留了其片层状结构,石墨片层表面附集了大量的SiO2纳米粒子。将MEG应用于阻燃ABS,通过垂直燃烧测试（UL 94）、极限氧指数测试（LOI）和力学性能测试研究了MEG对ABS阻燃材料的燃烧特性和力学性能的影响。结果表明,当MEG的质量分数为20%时,ABS/MEG20阻燃复合材料的UL 94水平达V-0级,LOI值达到25.2%,而与此作为对比的ABS/EG20阻燃复合材料持续燃烧,未能通过UL 94测试。增韧剂的添加较大幅度地提高了阻燃ABS复合材料的力学韧性,当增韧剂的质量分数为4%时,ABS/MEG20的力学冲击冲击强度由增韧前的6.0 k J/m2提高到12.7 k J/m2,另一方面,复合材料仍保持其优异的阻燃性能;与纯ABS材料相比,阻燃ABS复合材料高温时的热稳定性提高,高温时的残炭量增加。Expandable graphite（EG） modified by SiO2 nanoparticles was synthesized by one-pot method. Compared with the non modified expansible graphite（EG）, the modified expansible graphite（MEG） still retained its lamellar structure, and a large number of SiO2 nanoparticles were attached to the surface of the graphite layer. MEG was applied to the flame retardant ABS. The effects of MEG on the combustion and mechanical properties of ABS flame retardant materials were studied by the vertical combustion test（UL 94）, the limit oxygen index test（LOI） and the mechanical properties test. The results show that： when the mass fraction of MEG is added to 20%, the UL 94 level of ABS/MEG20 flame retardant composite material reaches V-0 level, and the LOI value reaches 25.2%. While the UL 94 level of the ABS/EG20 composites does not reach the level. The toughness of the toughening agent is greatly improved. When the mass fraction of the toughening agent is 4, the impact strength of ABS/MEG20 is increased from 6.0 k J/m^2 to 12.7 k J/m^2. On the other hand, composite materials still retain excellent flame retardancy. Compared with pure ABS, the thermal stability of flame retardant ABS composites increases at high temperature and the amount of residual carbon increases at high temperature.

关 键 词：丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物 复合材料 阻燃性能 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ325.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]