刑法谦抑主义的西方立场与中国定位  

The Western Position and Chinese Orientation of the Modesty of Criminal law

作　　者：敦宁[1,2] Dun Ning

机构地区：[1]河北大学政法学院 [2]中国社会科学院法学研究所

出　　处：《刑法论丛》2017年第4期413-438,共26页Criminal Law Review

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第57批面上资助项目“劳教废止后的刑事制裁体系研究”(2015M570200)的阶段性成果;第二批“河北省青年拔尖人才支持计划”的资助

摘　　要：刑法谦抑主义的西方立场是强调刑法的最后手段性,即＂入罪谦抑＂。我国＂定性＋定量＂的犯罪成立模式也体现了这一立场。但是,我国的九次刑法修正却表现出了犯罪化的趋向,入罪的标准也逐渐降低。由此,必须要对刑法谦抑主义西方立场在我国的适应性进行深刻反思。倡导＂入罪谦抑＂不应忽视犯罪体系的中西差异,过度强调＂入罪谦抑＂也不利于保障人权和法治社会的规则建构。刑法谦抑主义事实上同时包含＂入罪谦抑＂和＂刑罚谦抑＂两个方面的内容。根据我国的实际情况,对刑法谦抑主义的贯彻,应当实现从＂入罪谦抑＂到＂刑罚谦抑＂的重心转换。同时,我国刑法的犯罪化,应以对某种危害行为有必要适用人身自由罚为限度。The western position of the modesty of criminal law is the last resort of emphasis on criminal law,or the modesty of criminalization.China＇s＂ qualitative and quantitative＂crime establishment pattern also reflected this position. However,China＇s nine amendments to the criminal law have shown a trend of criminalization, the standard of crime also gradually lower. Therefore, we need to rethink profoundly on the adaptability of the western position of the modesty of criminal law in China. Advocating the modesty of criminalization should not ignore the differences between Chinese and western crime system, excessive emphasis on the modesty of criminalization is not conducive to the protection of human rights and the construction of rule in law-based society. In fact, the modesty of criminal law contains two aspects content, the modesty of criminalization and the modesty of punishment. According to the actual situation of China,in the implementation of the modesty of criminal law, it should realize the transformation from the modesty of criminalization to the modesty of punishment. At the same time,it is necessary to apply the penalty of personal freedom to some harmful act, should be the limit of criminalization of Chinese criminal law.

关 键 词：刑法谦抑主义 入罪谦抑 刑罚谦抑 西方立场 中国定位 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]