香鱼(Plecoglossus altivelis)精子的超微结构及其与鲤形目及鲑形目其他鱼类精子结构的比较研究  

SCANNING AND TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION OF SPERMATOZOON IN PLECOGLOSSUS ALTIVELIS

作　　者：郑学斌 张清科 乐韵 蒋宏雷 金珊[1] 王建平 竺俊全[1] ZHENG Xue-Bin;ZHANG Qing-Ke;YUE Yun;JIANG Hong-Lei;JIN Shan;WANG Jian-Ping;ZHU Jun-Quan(Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology,Ministry of Education,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Ningbo Enforcing Detachment of Oceanology and Fisheries,Ningbo 315020,China;Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fisheries,Ningbo 315012,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学教育部应用海洋生物技术重点实验室,宁波315211 [2]宁波市海洋与渔业执法支队,宁波315020 [3]宁波市海洋与渔业研究院,宁波315012

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2018年第4期866-872,共7页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目;2016C32062号

摘　　要：为了解香鱼(Plecoglossus altivelis)精子的形态结构特点,采用扫描和透射电镜技术观察了香鱼精子的超微结构,并与鲤形目及鲑形目其他鱼类精子结构进行了比较。结果表明,香鱼精子由头部、中段和尾部组成,全长约23.5μm。头部呈弹头形,由细胞核外包质膜构成,长约1.8μm、宽约0.8μm;细胞核从后端中央向前深凹至核的近前端,形成植入窝,使核呈倒U字形,核的前端无顶体;植入窝内有中心粒复合体及小段起始的鞭毛,中心粒复合体由近端中心粒和远端中心粒(基体)组成,两者之间夹角约135o。中段为"半袖套"结构,长约0.5μm,其内部为一较大的"半套筒"形线粒体。鞭毛起始于远端中心粒,由轴丝及外包轴丝的质膜组成,轴丝为典型的"9+2"微管结构;鞭毛两侧有质膜向外突起形成侧鳍。研究显示,香鱼精子与典型的鲤形目(Cypriniformes)鱼类精子卵圆形或圆球形头部及细胞核、不对称的袖套及尾部鞭毛无侧鳍等结构特征不同,也与鲑形目(Salmoniformes)鱼类精子卵圆形或椭圆形头部及马蹄形或浅U形细胞核、两中心粒相互平行或垂直、袖套结构完整等结构特征不同。香鱼精子结构具有种的特异性。In order to study the morphological and structural characteristics of spermatozoon in Plecoglossus altivelis, scanning and transmission electron microscopic observation were performed. The observation shows that the spermatozoa were about 23.5μtm in total length, and could be differentiated into three parts： an acrosome-less head, a short midpiece, and a typical long tail. The head is consisted of a nucleus and a plasma membrane, and bullet-shaped in about 1.8~tm long and 0.Spm in diameter; an implantation fossa initiated from the bottom of the nucleus and implanted inward into a U-shaped nucleus; the proximal centriole and distal centriole （base body） inclined to each other and formed an angle of approximately 135~. The centriolar complex is consisted of the two centrioles and the initial portion of flagellum was located in the implantation fossa. The midpiece was a 0.5~tm-long half-sleeve and contained a half-cylinder-shaped mitochondrion. The third part tail or flagellum was originated from the distal centriole, and the transverse section of the axoneme exhibited a typical ＂9＋2＂ microtubules; the plasma membrane of the flagellum extended and formed two lateral fins. This study reveals that the ultrastructure of the spermatozoa of P. altivelis was very different from those of cyrpiniformes, and was unique among those of other fishes of the same-order Salmonidaes.

关 键 词：香鱼 精子 超微结构 鲤形目 鲑形目 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学] S917[农业科学—水产科学]