浙江象山东部海域夏季大型底栖动物优势种群和生态位  

NICHE OF DOMINANT MICROBENTHIC SPECIES IN THE EAST SEA OF XIANGSHAN, ZHEJIANG IN SUMMER

作　　者：刘好真 李祥付[2] 刘懂 李进京 陈晨[1] 徐鹏 孙元[1,3] 焦海峰 王一农 尤仲杰[1,3] LIU Hao-Zhenl;LI Xiang-Fu;LIU Dong;LI Jin-Jingl;CHEN Chenl;XU Peng;SUN Yuan;JIAO Hai-Feng;WANG Yi-Nong;YOU Zhong-Jie(School of Marine Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;State Key Laboratory of Tropics Oceanography South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China;Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fisheries,Ningbo 315103,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,宁波315211 [2]中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋环境国家重点实验室,广州510301 [3]宁波市海洋与渔业研究院,宁波315103

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2018年第4期873-882,共10页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目;31671097号;国家海洋局公益性行业(农业)科研专项;201303047号

摘　　要：为了解象山东部海域夏季大型底栖动物群落特征及种间相互作用情况,于2012年8月(夏季)对象山东部海域30个站位进行了大型底栖动物的调查研究。共采集,鉴定大型底栖动物36种(优势种20种),隶属于7门8纲24科,节肢动物15种(41.7%)最多,脊索动物7种(19.4%)次之。聚类分析和MDS排序结果表明,象山东部海域夏季大型底栖动物可以分为4个生态类群。选取Levins生态位宽度指数和Pianka重叠指数进行生态位分析,结果表明:象山东部海域夏季大型底栖动物优势种生态位宽度变化范围为5.22—21.66,生态位宽度值最高的为东方口虾蛄(21.66),最小的为小荚蛏(5.22);Pianka重叠指数大于0.60的优势种占19.5%,多样的生境以及生物本身的适应能力差异,使该海域大型底栖动物优势种的生态位重叠值偏小,减小了种间的竞争。该海域大型底栖动物优势种夏季生态位结构的形成主要与优势种的活动能力有关。To examine the characteristics of macrobenthic community as well as the interspecific interactions in the east sea of Xiangshan, macrobenthos survey was carried out at 30 sampling stations in the eastern sea area of Xiangshan in August 2012 （summer）. A total of 36 species were collected and identified, which belongs to 7 phyla, 8 classes and 24 families, including 15 species （41.7%） of arthropods and 7 species （19.4%） of chordates. Twenty dominant species were identified and screened. Cluster analysis and Multi-dimensional scaling showed that, the macrobenthos in the east sea of Xiangshan in summer can be divided into four ecological types. According to the Levins niche breadth index and the Pianka niche overlap index, the results showed that the range of niche analysis of macrobenthos in the east sea of Xiangshan in summer was 5.22--21.66, and the highest was Oratosquilla oratoria （21.66）, the lowest was Siliqua minima （5.22）; the Pianka overlap index values greater than 0.60, accounting for 19.5%. The diversity of habitats and the adaptability differences of the organisms themselves made the macrobenthic dominant species overlap of ecological niche smaller and reduced competition of interspecific in this sea area. The formation of summer niche structure of dominant macrobenthos in this area was mainly related to the activity of dominant species.

关 键 词：象山东部 大型底栖动物 优势种 生态宽度 生态位重叠 多元分析 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]