巨菌草高温快速干燥设备设计与试验  

Design and Test of High Temperature Fast Drying Equipment for Hybrid Pennisetum

作　　者：孙庆运 王光辉[1] 王德成[1] 李岩芳 叶炳南 SUN Qingyun;WANG Guanghui;WANG Decheng;LI Yanfang;YE Bingnan(College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2018年第9期338-345,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-34);广东省湛江菌草机械化加工技术研发与应用项目(29017035)

摘　　要：为了解决巨菌草含水率高、不易贮藏,以及自然晾晒中人工劳动强度大、营养损失大的问题,设计了一套大型高秆禾草高温快速干燥设备。基于传热传质理论,进行了关键参数计算与关键部件的设计,通过力学分析与FLUENT流体仿真进行优化,并对控制单元进行了设计。以最终含水率、水活度、色泽度、粗蛋白含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量和中性洗涤纤维含量为评价指标,进行了设备的干燥试验,并与新鲜物料、自然晾晒干燥进行对比分析。结果表明:高温快速干燥后,巨菌草的最终含水率为(16±1.82)%,水活度为0.564 8,生产率为2.73 t/h;与新鲜物料相比,亮度值L和蓝黄值b均无显著性差异,红绿值a增加了1.43;粗蛋白含量与酸洗中洗纤维含量均无显著性变化,粗蛋白质量分数较新鲜物料下降0.6个百分点。与自然晾晒相比,高温快速干燥后巨菌草的粗蛋白质量分数增加了0.63个百分点,且具有较好的表观质量。试验结果表明,该套设备改善了干燥后巨菌草的表观质量和品质,满足了巨菌草干燥的要求。A set of high temperature fast drying（HTFD） equipment for hybrid pennisetum was designed to solve the problem that the hybrid pennisetum is difficult to storage due to high moisture content and problem of large artificial labor intensity and large nutrient loss during natural drying. The calculation of key parameters and design of key components were carried out based on the theory of heat and mass transfer. The control unit was designed through mechanical analysis and FLUENT fluid simulation optimization. The drying test of the equipment was conducted and the final moisture content,water activity,color,crude protein and acid washing were used as evaluation indicators. Then the samples were compared with fresh materials and sun-cured drying samples. The results showed that the final moisture content of hybrid pennisetum dried by HTFD was（16 ± 1. 82） %,the water activity was 0. 564 8 and the productivity was 2. 73 t/h. L（brightness/darkness） and b（yellowness/blueness） of hybrid pennisetum dried by high temperature fast drying（HTFD） had no significant difference with fresh material,while a（redness/greenness） was increased by 1. 43. The crude protein content and the acid detergent fiber（ADF） content had no significant difference,and the crude protein content was decreased by 0. 6 percentage point compared with the fresh material. Compared with the sun-cured drying,the crude protein content of hybrid pennisetum dried by HTFD was increased by 0. 63 percentage point,and hybrid pennisetum dried by HTFD had a good apparent quality. The results showed that the set of equipment could meet the drying demand of hybrid pennisetum,which can improve drying yield and the quality of hybrid pennisetum.

关 键 词：巨菌草 高温快速干燥 干燥设备 设计 试验 

分 类 号：S226.6[农业科学—农业机械化工程]