正渗透/膜蒸馏组合工艺回收尿液废水中营养物质  

Recovery of Nutrients from Urine Wastewater by Combination of Forward Osmosis and Membrane Distillation

作　　者：刘梦[1,2] 黄拓 李继云 汪诚文[1] LIU Meng;HUANG Tuo;LI Ji-yun;WANG Cheng-wen(School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Graduate School at Shenzhen,Tsinghua University,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [2]清华大学深圳研究生院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2018年第17期20-24,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：比尔和梅琳达.盖茨基金会资助项目(20143000276)

摘　　要：利用正渗透/膜蒸馏组合工艺处理源分离尿液,以1 mol/L的NaCl为汲取液,连续运行48 h,通过比较运行过程中的膜通量和物质截留率等参数来评价组合工艺的处理效果。结果表明:通过调节正渗透侧和膜蒸馏侧的参数可以实现两侧水传递速率的匹配,进而实现系统的平稳运行。正渗透/膜蒸馏装置在处理源分离尿液的过程中,对尿液中氨氮、磷酸盐和TOC的截留率均值都在90%以上。源分离尿液中氨氮、磷酸盐和TOC的浓度分别为(783±16)、(79. 91±3)、(208. 14±33) mg/L,而在产水中未检出磷酸盐,氨氮浓度为46. 2 mg/L,TOC浓度为7. 38 mg/L。物料守恒分析表明,氨氮和TOC会在汲取液和馏出液中积累,提升正渗透膜的性能是得到高品质产水的关键。A combined forward osmosis and membrane distillation process was used to treat source- separated urine. A continuous 48 h operation of the combined system was conducted and 1 mol/L sodium chloride was used as draw solution in forward osmosis module. The treatment efficiency of the process was discussed by analysis of system operating parameters such as membrane flux and material retention rate. The results showed that, by adjusting the operating parameters of the forward osmosis and membrane dis- tillation, the water transfer rate of the two sides could be matched, which guaranteed the smooth operation of the system. The rejection rates of ammonia nitrogen, phosphate and TOC were above 90%. The aver- age ammonia nitrogen, phosphate and TOC concentrations in the source-separated urine were （783 ± 16） rag/L, （79.91 ± 3 ） mg/L and （208.14 ± 33 ）mg/L, respectively. The concentrations of ammonia ni- trogen and TOC in distillate were 46, 2 mg/L and 7.38 mg/L respectively. No phosphate was detected in distillate water. Besides, the analysis of material conservation showed that ammonia nitrogen and total or- ganic carbon accumulated in draw solution and distillate solution. So improving the performance of FO membrane was the key to get high quality water.

关 键 词：正渗透 膜蒸馏 源分离尿液 膜通量 截留率 

分 类 号：TU992.3[建筑科学—市政工程]