野生近缘种类玉米的相关研究进展  

Study on the Related Research of Wild Species of Maize

作　　者：赵琳[1] 骆乐谈[1] 詹生华[1] 葛忠德[1] 石江[1] ZHAO Lin;LUO Le-tan;ZHAN Sheng-hua;GE Zhong-de;SHI Jiang(Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市农业科学研究院,浙江杭州310024

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2018年第9期148-150,共3页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：杭州市财政资助项目(2018HNKT-02);杭州市科委资助项目(20170432B18)

摘　　要：玉米学名玉蜀黍,原产地墨西哥或中美洲,在分类学上属于禾本科玉蜀黍族中最重要的一个属,该属中除玉米亚种这个栽培种外,其余分类单位统一称为类玉米,又称"大刍草"。已知的大刍草有一年生也有多年生,有二倍体也有四倍体,但不管其倍性如何,都具有高产、抗逆、抗病虫、品质佳等诸多优点。因此在育种过程中,通过技术手段克服杂交中存在的困难,将这些近缘种类玉米中有益基因导入到栽培玉米中,创制出具有优良性状的新种质材料,对拓宽玉米种质遗传基础、提高育种效率和加速育种进程有重大意义。The scientific name of corn is called maize,native to Mexico or Central America,belongs to the most important genus of corn in the taxonomy.In this genus,in addition to the subspecies of maize,the rest of the classification units are called corn,also known as rice.The known perennial is also perennial,and diploid also has tetraploid,but regardless of its ploidy,it has many advantages,such as high yield,anti - inversion,disease resistance,good quality and so on.Therefore,in the breeding process,the difficulties in hybridization are overcome by means of technical means,and the beneficial genes of these close species maize are introduced into the cultivated corn,and the new germplasm materials with excellent characters are created.It is of great significance to widen the genetic basis of maize germplasm,improve the breeding efficiency and increase the breeding process.

关 键 词：玉米 大刍草 远缘杂交 种质资源 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]