法律未列举的竞争行为的正当性如何评定——一种利益衡量的新进路  

How to Examine Whether An unlisted Conduct of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law is justified?——From the new Perspective of Balance of Interests

作　　者：王磊[1] WANG Lei(Law School,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《法学论坛》2018年第5期126-136,共11页Legal Forum

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"新发展理念与经济法制度完善研究"(17AFX023)的阶段成果

摘　　要：如何判定一项法律未列举的竞争行为是否正当是反不正当竞争法的核心难点。目前,主流的判定标准是"商业道德"标准,但是,这一标准具有一定的模糊性。相比之下,利益衡量方法直接指向"竞争行为",考察行为对竞争利益的深层影响,符合反不正当竞争法的特性、思维范式和立法目的,更具有妥当性。利益衡量的理念基础有三:动态竞争、损害常态以及行为中心主义。在具体适用利益衡量的方法时,应在"三个理念"的指引下,全面揭示个案中与竞争相关的利益,包括公共利益、经营者利益、消费者利益以及他法上的利益等,依据法秩序、法价值评估涉案利益的大致序位,综合权衡竞争行为对各类利益的影响,看能否实现竞争利益的最大化,并在此基础上确定竞争行为正当与否。It is difficult to examine whether an unlisted conduct of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law is justified. At present, themainstream judgment standard is ＂business ethics＂ , however it is ambiguous. In contrast, the method of balance of interests ismore appropriate, which can directly point to the conduct and deeply investigate its impact on competitive interests, more impor-tantly this method is consistent with the characteristic, paradigm, and legislative objective of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law.Balance of interests has three conceptual foundations. They are dynamic competition, damage normality, and behavioral central-ism. When do balance of interests, we should fully disclose the interests related to competition in the case, assess which interestsis more important according to legal order and the value of law, and then comprehensively weigh the impact of the conduct on a-rious types of interests, hased on the above, we can estimate this conduct and finally determine whether it is justified or not.

关 键 词：利益衡量 竞争 商业道德 一般条款 反不正当竞争法 

分 类 号：D912.294[政治法律—民商法学]