序列可控高分子的合成及应用  

Synthesis and Application of Sequence-controlled Polymers

作　　者：张留乔 黄智豪 张正彪[1] 朱秀林[1] Liu-qiao Zhang;Zhi-hao Huang;Zheng-biao Zhang;Xiu-lin Zhu(College of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Material Science,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学材料与化学化工学部,苏州215123

出　　处：《高分子学报》2018年第9期1144-1154,共11页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号21674072)资助项目

摘　　要：序列可控高分子是指高分子链中不同单体单元按特定顺序排列的高分子.自然界中的生物大分子,如核酸分子和多肽,其精确的序列结构决定了其复杂功能的表达.受此启发,序列可控高分子的合成及序列结构与性能关系研究近年来受到了越来越多的关注.本文介绍了近年来在序列可控高分子合成方面的重要研究成果,突出介绍了本课题组在序列可控高分子方向的研究进展.最后,对序列可控高分子的应用进行了总结和展望.Sequence-controlled polymers are those with ordered units along their chains. The precision sequence of biological polymers, such as nucleic acid and peptides, plays a crucial role on physiological and sophisticated functions. Inspired by this, the synthesis of sequence-controlled polymers, that is, the placement of specific functional groups at desired positions on the polymer chain, has become one of the ultimate goals of polymer chemists, and received increasing attention in recent years. Up to date, there are a variety of methods to synthesize sequence-controlled polymers based on the step-growth and chain-growth polymerization mechanisms. Compared to the step-growth polymerization, the chain-growth polymerization is much more challenging to achieve sequence-controlled polymers because of the high activity and low propagating selectivity of the growing active center. Therefore, sequence-controlled polymerization is also considered as the ＂Holy Grail ＂ in the field of polymer synthesis. Although a variety of methods have been developed to regulate polymer sequences, the pursuit of simple and efficient methods toward sequence-controlled polymerization has never stopped. This feature article summarizes the recent progresses on the synthesis of sequence-controlled polymers, and highlights our group＇s research in this area. Firstly, we built ＂supramolecular monomer ＂ by exploiting the weak intermolecular hydrogen-bond interactions to create sequences with alternating feature. We also developed a ＂latent monomer＂strategy based on the temperature-dependent furan/maleimide Diels-Alder reaction, and diverse sequencecontrolled polymers were thus readily created. Moreover, a novel chemical route, based on orthogonal chain end deprotection and thiol-maleimide Michael addition, was developed in our group toward the monodisperse and sequence-defined polymers. Finally, the potential applications of the sequence-controlled polymers are also summarized and prospected.

关 键 词：序列可控高分子 可控自由基聚合 迭代增长 马来酰亚胺 DIELS-ALDER反应 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]