后民法典时代司法解释对立法的因应及其制度完善  

On the Responses to Civil Law Legislation and System Perfection of Judicial Interpretation in the Post-Civil Code Era

作　　者：赵万一[1] 石娟[1] ZHAO Wan-yi;SHI Juan(Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学,重庆401120

出　　处：《现代法学》2018年第4期28-42,共15页Modern Law Science

基　　金：重庆市博士后特别资助项目"后民法典时代下司法解释机制研究"(Xm2017126)

摘　　要：随着《中华人民共和国民法总则》的通过并正式施行,我国已正式步入以民法典作为规制基础的法典化治理时代。民法典的颁布不但会将散乱的民事单行立法进行系统化、体系化的重新设计,从而引起立法理念和立法技术的重大变革;而且会对相关司法解释的生成机制及其辐射内容产生重大影响,并有效消解司法解释对立法的扩张现象。本文关注的重点是:在民法典编纂过程中,司法解释能否有效嵌入相关的制度设计?能否通过精细化的规则设计有效消解司法解释的作用空间?在后民法典时代司法解释如何实现与现有法律的无缝对接?其基本思路是在明确司法解释的地位和权限,并在重新划定司法解释调整范围的基础上,通过进一步凸显指导性案例的作用,明确最高人民法院的司法解释权与法官的司法能动权之间的分工,减少法官对司法解释的过度依赖。同时通过完善司法解释的对象确立、启动、清理退出、保障和监督机制,以最大限度地消除现行司法解释中存在的僭越立法权问题和选择性抽象解释的问题。As the Fifth Session of the Twelfth National People＇s Congress passed the General Principles of Civil Law of the People＇s Republic of China on March 15,2017,China has officially entered the era of Civil Code. The promulgation of the Civil Code will not only systematically redesign the scattered legislation,which will lead to significant changes in the legislative concept and legislative technology,but also will have a significant impact on the mechanism of the relevant judicial interpretation and its content. The focuses of this paper are： whether judicial interpretation can be effectively embedded in Civil Code compilation？ Is it possible to effectively limit the role of judicial interpretation through better designed rules？ How does the judicial interpretation achieve a seamless connection with the Civil Code in post-Civil Code era？ The basic idea is to clarify the status and authority of the judicial interpretation,to re-divide the scope of the universal interpretation of the adjustment,to highlight the role of the guiding case system,to clarify the power between Supreme Court＇s judicial interpretation and the judge and to reduce the judge＇s dependence on judicial interpretation. Meanwhile,it is important to minimize the problem of unauthorized legislative and selective interpretation through the improvement of the object establishment mechanism,starting mechanism,clean-up mechanism,security mechanism and supervision mechanism.

关 键 词：司法解释 机制完善 民法典编纂 后民法典时代 

分 类 号：DF51[政治法律—民商法学]