智能机器人法官:还有多少可能和不可能  

Robot Judges: How Many Possibilities and Impossibilities Are There

作　　者：盛学军[1] 邹越[1] SHENG Xue-jun;ZOU Yue(Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学,重庆401120

出　　处：《现代法学》2018年第4期74-82,共9页Modern Law Science

摘　　要：智能机器人在司法领域大有可为,将给司法实践带来关系重构、队伍重组、流程再造等重要变革,对法律观念、法律制度和法律文化提出严峻的挑战。我们可以借助"机器人法官"提高审判效率,节省人力、物力。我们应该积极运用智能机器人推进建设现代化的法治体系,提升法治能力,但也要警惕过分依赖冷数据和机器智能造成新的司法不公。我们既要造就一大批善于运用人工智能的新型法官,又要在引进"机器人法官"的同时,坚守人类法官的人性、人道和法治精神。至少在相当长的时期内,技术和算法难以找到逻辑理性和实践理性的恰当融合点。公正审判所需要的情感难以及时准确地进入机器人的决策系统,恰当地运用自由裁量权是机器人难以习得的智慧,有丰富实践经验、有人性情感、有法治精神的法律人比装满程序和大数据的机器更能准确地适用和解释法律条文。人类官司的最后裁决权不能交给智能机器人。Intelligent robots can do a lot of things in the judicial field,which will bring important changes to judicial practice,such as relationship restructure,team reorganization and process reconstruction. Meanwhile,it also brings severe challenges to legal concepts,legal systems and legal culture. We can use ＂robot judges＂to improve the efficiency of trial,but we can＇t always save manpower and material resources,at least until the establishment of a unified and perfect rule of law big data system. We should actively use intelligent robots to establish a modern rule of law system,improving the ability of the rule of law,and be vigilant against the new judicial injustice which is too dependent on cold data and machine intelligence. We should cultivate a large number of new judges who are good at using AI,and also sticking to the human nature,humanity and the spirit of the rule of law when we introduce ＂robot judges＂. At least,in a long period of time,technology and algorithms are difficult to find a proper combination of logical rationality and practical rationality. The emotions needed for a fair trial cannot enter the robot＇s decision-making system in a timely and accurate manner. The rational use of the discretionary power is the wisdom difficult for the robot to obtain. The legal personnel with rich experience of practice,humanity and spirit of rule of law can explain and apply law provisions more accurately than machines loaded with procedures and big data. The final verdict of the human lawsuit cannot be given to an intelligent robot.

关 键 词：机器人法官 智能机器人 电脑量刑 法律智能系统 

分 类 号：DF82[政治法律—法学]