旋风除尘器内生物质飞灰颗粒浓度分布特性研究  

Research on character of biomass fly ash particle concentration distribution in cyclone separator

作　　者：姚锡文[1] 许开立[1] 张秀敏 徐青伟[1] 李力[1] 李季硕 YAO Xiwen;XU Kaili;ZHANG Xiumin;XU Qingwei;LI Li;LI Jishuo(School of Resources ＆ Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang Liaoning 110819,China;Administration of Work Safety of Yongcheng Municipality,Shangqiu Henan 476600,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]河南省永城市安全生产监督管理局,河南商丘476600

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2018年第6期147-152,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0805100)

摘　　要：鉴于生物质气化站旋风除尘器内飞灰颗粒的浓度较高且难以测量,其分离效率与高温强旋湍流场密切相关,为获得其内部飞灰颗粒的浓度分布特性,研究分离效率与生物质燃气温度及其速度的关系,借助计算流体力学（CFD）软件,并结合气化站旋风除尘器的特点建立仿真模型;然后以气化炉产出的高温燃气为研究对象,应用气体-颗粒耦合模型对风流-飞灰的耦合运移情形进行数值研究。结果表明：旋风除尘器环形空间内出现＂顶灰环＂现象;筒体空间对飞灰的分离能力明显优于环形空间;锥体和筒体内颗粒浓度分布曲线为两边高、中间低的浴盆曲线;燃气温度升高,飞灰在同一径向位置的浓度升高;旋风除尘器分离效率有随燃气进口速度的增加而先增高后降低的趋势。In view of that the concentrations of fly ash particles in cyclone separators of biomass gasification station are very high,it is much difficult to measure the biomass ash concentration,and a cyclone separator＇s separation efficiency is closely related to the turbulent flow field with high temperature,a simulation model was established by computational fluid dynamics（ CFD） software based on characters of cyclone separator in gasification station,for obtaining the concentration distribution of ash particles and studying the relationship between the separation efficiency,biomass gas temperature and gas velocity. The biomass gas at high temperature released from gasifier was taken as the object of this study. The coupling migration of both air and fly ash inside the cyclone separator at high temperature was studied in numerical simulation,using a gas-particle coupling mathematic model. The results show that the phenomenon of upper dust ring exists in the annular space,that the separation ability of cylinder space is much better than that of cone space,that the ash concentration distribution curve in cone space and that in cylinder space are a bathtub curve,that the ash concentration in the same radial position increases as temperature elevated,and that as the inlet velocity increases, the separation efficiency firstly increases, then decreases.

关 键 词：生物质飞灰 旋风除尘器 高温流场 颗粒浓度分布 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X964[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TQ051.8[化学工程]