干旱胁迫下覆膜和接种微生物对玉米生长与水分利用效率的影响  

Effect of film mulching and microbial inoculation on maize growth and water use efficiency under drought stress

作　　者：裘浪[1] 毕银丽[1] 张延旭[1] 蔡云[1] 余海洋[1] QIU Lang;BI Yin-li;ZHANG Yan-xu;CAI Yun;YU Hai-yang(State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineer-ing,China University of Mining Technology（Beijing）,Beijing 100083,China）.)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2018年第9期2915-2924,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2013AA102904);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501106)资助~~

摘　　要：针对西北干旱半干旱地区土壤贫瘠与水分缺乏的问题,利用微生物与作物形成互惠互利的共生关系,本研究设置两个水分梯度:干旱胁迫(供试土壤最大持水量的大持水量的35%)和正常水分(供试土壤最:75%),两个覆膜方式:无覆膜(NM)和覆膜(FM),4个接种微生物水平单接以照(AM真菌(AM)、单接解磷细菌(PSB)、联合接种AM真菌与解磷细菌(AM+PSB)及对CK),研究不同水分和覆膜条件下4个接种微生物对玉米生长特性、地上养分吸收与水分利用效率的影响率,但正常.结果表明:与正常水分处理相比,干旱胁迫能够显著提高接种水分处理下土壤根外菌丝密度、总球囊霉素(AM真菌处理的侵染T-GRSP)与易提取球囊霉素(EE-GRSP)含量明显提高.干旱胁迫下,单接生物量、水分利用效率和土壤有AM机真菌处理的促生作用和菌根效应表现最好,能够提高玉米碳含量,促进土壤N、P、K的吸收与运输,从而增加玉米地上部分N、P、K吸收量;而正常水分下,联合接种AM+PSB处理表现要好于单接AM和PSB处理,且其与覆膜的互作效果最好丝.相关分析结果表明,玉米生物量、叶片SPAD值和地上部分N、P、K吸收量均与土壤根外菌密度呈显著正相关,玉米水分利用效率与其呈显著负相关.To resolve the problem of soil nutrient and water deficiency in arid and semiarid regions of Northwest China, and considering the symbiotic relationship between microbes and crops, we set up two water regimes： drought stress（35% of the soil water holding capacity） and normal water supply（75% of the soil water holding capacity）, two film mulching patterns（non-film mulching and film mulching）, and four levels of microbial inoculation [ single inoculation with AM fungi（AM）, single inoculation with phosphate solubilizing bacteria（PSB）, co-inoculation of AM fungi with phosphate solubilizing bacteria（AM＋PSB） and the control（CK）]. This study aimed to evaluatethe effects of microbial inoculation on maize growth, nutrient absorption, and water use efficiency under different treatments of water regime and film mulching. Results showed that drought stress significantly increased the mycorrhizal colonization of inoculated plants, but significantly decreased soil external hyphal length, T-GRSP and EE-GRSP content. Under drought stress, AM inoculation showed the best promoting and mycorrhizal effect on maize growth by increasing biomass and water use efficiency, soil organic carbon content, the absorption and transportation of soil N, P, K, and thus increasing the N, P, K uptake. Under normal water supply, the inoculation effect of AM＋PSB was better than that of AM or PSB treatment, especially combined with film mulching. Results from correlation analysis showed that plant biomass, leaf SPAD value, and nutrient uptake of maize above ground were significantly positively correlated with soil external hyphal length, where as wateruse efficiency was significantly negatively correlated with soil external hyphal length.

关 键 词：AM真菌 解磷细菌 覆膜 球囊霉素 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]