陕西省异色瓢虫种群遗传结构及其多样性  

Genetic structure and diversity of Harmonia axyridis populations in Shaanxi Province,China

作　　者：李菁[1] 张小飞 徐玲玲[1] 刘津 白明皓 王振营[3] LI Jing;ZHANG Xiao-fei;XU Ling-ling;LIU Jin;BAI Ming-hao;WANG Zhen-ying(Key Laboratory of Plant-microbe Collaboration Research,School of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Xi＇an University,Xi＇an 710065,China;Xi＇an Agricultural Technology Extension Centre,Xi＇an 710061,China;State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China）.)

机构地区：[1]西安文理学院生物与环境工程学院,植物微生物协同研究实验室,西安710065 [2]西安市农业技术推广中心,西安710061 [3]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2018年第9期3033-3042,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(15JK2146); 陕西省自然科学基金项目(2015JQ3091,2015KJXX-44); 西安市科技计划项目(CXY1531WL28,CXY1531WL18)资助

摘　　要：异色瓢虫是一种重要的天敌昆虫,广泛应用于农业生物防治中.本研究以线粒体COII基因作为分子标记,对陕西省分布的异色瓢虫不同地理种群的遗传结构及遗传多样性进行分析,并探讨不同种群间的遗传分化程度及基因交流水平.结果表明:在21个种群529头异色瓢虫供试样本的,COII序列中,共检测到15种单倍型(Hap1～Hap15),其中Hap1和Hap2所占比例最高分别占总群体的34.4%和37.6%.总群体单倍型多样性指数为0.732,各种群内单倍型多样性范围在0.652～0.786.种群间总基因流为10.13,总群体遗传分化指数为0.024,说明种群间整体遗传分化程度较低.陕西异色瓢虫种群在进化上呈现中性模型,群体大小保持相对稳定,种群间的遗传分化主要来自种群内部.基于Nei遗传距离构建的种群系统发育树,陕南区域种群与陕北和关中区域种群分化明显.种群间遗传分化与地理距离之间存在一定的相关性,并且区域种群的遗传结构与遗传多样性也表现出一定的地理分布模式,推测秦岭的阻隔及南北气候的差异,使陕北、关中与陕南种群间的基因交流存在阻力,导致南北种群间遗传结构和遗传多样性存在差异.Harmonia axyridis, one of the most important insect predators, has been widely used in biological control in agriculture. In this study, the mitochondrial COII gene was used as genetic marker to investigate the genetic structure and diversity ofH. axyridisgeographic populations distributed in Shaanxi Province. Level of genetic differentiation and gene flow among different populations of H. axyridiswere analyzed. For all the 529 H. axyridisindividuals from 21 populations, 15 haplotypes were observed（named as Hap1-Hap15）. Hap1 and Hap2 were dominant haplotypes in all sampled individuals, accounting for 34.4% and 37.6% respectively. The overall haplotype diversity was 0.732, and it ranged from 0.652 to 0.786 within population. The average gene flow （Nm） among 21 populations was 10.13, and the overallFSTvalue was 0.024, implying low genetic differentiation among all populations. Results from neutrality tests suggested thatH. axyridis populations followed the neutral evolution model and the population size remained stable. Molecular variance analysis（AMOVA） showed high proportion of total genetic variance attributed to variations within populations. Phylogenetic tree based on Nei＇ s genetic distance of different geographic populations showed clear divergence between northern, central, and southern Shaanxi groups. Results from Mantel test suggested that the genetic distance was weakly correlated with geographical distance between populations. Geographical pattern of genetic structure and diversity in populations from different regions indicated weak gene flow between northern, central, and southern Shaanxi due to Qinling Mountains barrier and climate difference.

关 键 词：异色瓢虫 地理种群 线粒体DNA COII基因 遗传结构 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]