多水高岭石对矿石中铜选别指标的影响  

The Influence of Halloysite on Copper Ore Beneficiation Indicator

作　　者：付强 方明山 肖仪武 李磊 FU Qiang;FANG Mingshan;XIAO Yiwu;LI Lei(Beijing Key Laboratory of Metal Mineral Resources Test and Evaluation,BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 100160,China)

机构地区：[1]北京矿冶科技集团有限公司金属矿产资源评价与分析检测北京市重点实验室,北京100160

出　　处：《有色金属（选矿部分）》2018年第5期16-19,共4页Nonferrous Metals（Mineral Processing Section）

摘　　要：含多水高岭石铜矿石在选矿过程中普遍存在铜回收率不高、尾矿中铜损失严重的问题,在铜硫分离时,为有效抑制硫矿物而加入的石灰用量是常规消耗量的2~3倍,既影响了铜的选矿指标,又增加了生产成本,给企业造成重大的经济损失。多水高岭石粒度细,表面积大,易团聚。不同pH值条件下多水高岭石水溶液中Zeta电位测定试验结果显示,当pH值在12时,Zeta电位的绝对值达到最低值,团聚现象严重。所以在碱性条件下选铜时,铜矿物易被团聚的多水高岭石罩盖导致其表面无法与药剂有效接触,从而损失到尾矿中。在pH值为11的石灰溶液中加入多水高岭石,随着加入量的增加,溶液的pH值不断降低。通过扫描电镜及X射线能谱分析发现溶液中的多水高岭石中含有少量的Ca,推断多水高岭石的存在吸附了溶液中的石灰,导致pH值变化。所以为保证矿浆的高碱度,需要加入更多的石灰。可见,多水高岭石是影响含多水高岭石铜矿石中铜选别指标的关键所在。A problem about copper recovery exists ubiquitously during beneficiation on halloysite-bearing copper ore. Moreover,to depress sulfur minerals for separation with copper,it costs 2 ~ 3 times the amount of lime consumption. This problem not only affects the indicator of copper,but also raises the production costs of the companies. The halloysite is fine-grained and has large surface area,so it can form agglomerations easily. The result of zeta potential test on halloysite aqueous solution in different pH conditions shows,zeta potential absolute value is low when pH value is 12,and the agglomeration exists heavily. Therefore,copper minerals can be covered by halloysite in alkaline condition during copper separation,so that the copper minerals fall into tailings because of the noneffective contact between reagent and mineral surface. When the pH value is 11,it will decrease with the increase of halloysite content. According to SEM-EDS analysis result,the halloysite in the solution contains minor amount of Ca. It infers that halloysite can absorb lime in the solution and cause the change of pH value,so it needs more lime to maintain high alkalinity of the pulp. In conclusion,halloysite is the key factor affecting beneficiation indicator of halloysite-bearing copper ore.

关 键 词：多水高岭石 铜矿石 团聚 

分 类 号：TD952.1[矿业工程—选矿] TD923