我国海域使用权市场化配置改革面临的突出问题与对策  

The Outstanding Problems Faced by the Market-oriented Allocation Reform of the Right to Use China's Sea Area and the Countermeasures

作　　者：杨黎静 何广顺 Yang Li-jing;He Guang-shun(College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao Shandong 266100;South China Sea Institute of Planning and Environmental Research,SOA,Guangzhou Guangdong 51030)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院,山东青岛266100 [2]国家海洋局南海规划与环境研究院,广东广州510300

出　　处：《经济纵横》2018年第8期96-105,共10页Economic Review Journal

基　　金：国家海洋局海域管理技术重点实验室开放基金项目"海域资产动态变化与海洋经济增长关系研究"(编号:201606)和国家海洋局海域司国家海域综合管理专项课题"沿海各省海域使用权市场化出让政策汇总分析"(编号:2200204)的成果

摘　　要：我国经济体制改革的主要方向是发挥市场配置资源的决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用。随着海洋经济在国民经济发展中的地位日益突出,急需建立现代海洋经济市场体系,完善市场化配置海域资源的机制,形成市场作用和政府作用的"合力",建立权责明晰、流转顺畅的海洋产权制度,提高海域资源配置效率,促进海洋经济要素的自由流动。我国海域使用权市场化配置发展过程中,市场对资源配置的决定性作用尚未充分发挥,海域使用权价值评估机制尚不完善,海域使用金动态调整机制不健全,市场发育缓慢,且存在金融风险隐患,海域使用权交易平台也有待发展,缺乏有效的海域市场监管制度。为顺应海洋经济体制改革要求,推进海域使用权的市场化配置,更好地认识并理顺政府和市场的关系,需要进一步加强海域使用法律体系建构,完善市场化供给、配置机制,健全海域使用权价值评估体系,建立海域使用金动态调整机制,优化海域使用供给结构和方向,搭建海域使用权交易服务平台,加强海域市场的统一监管。The major direction of China＇s economic system reform is to play the decisive role of the market in allocating resources and improve the government＇s role. With the enhancing status of ocean economy in the national economy development, we should urgently establish a modern ocean economic market system, improve the mechanism of market allocating resources, form the joint force of the market function and the government, establish an ocean property right system with clear right and obligation and smooth circulation, to raise the efficiency of allocating sea area resources and promote the free flow of ocean economic factors. The decisive role of the market in resource allocation in the development of China＇s sea area use fights has not been fully exer- ted. The evaluation mechanism of sea area use fight value is still not perfect, the dynamic adjustment mecha- market supervision system. To adapt to the requirement of ocean economic system reform, promote the sea area utilization right＇s marketization allocating, smooth the relationship between the market and the government, we should enhance the construction of the sea area utilization legal system, perfect the marketization supply and allocating mechanism, perfect the sea area utilization right＇s value evaluation system, set up the sea area utilization charges＇ dynamic adjustment mechanism, optimize the sea area utilization supply structure and direction, establish sea area utilization fight＇s exchange service platform, and enhance the unified sea area market supervision and governance.

关 键 词：海域使用权 市场化配置资源 海域使用金 

分 类 号：F832.4[经济管理—金融学]