烤烟连作对植烟土壤碳库及烤后烟叶品质的影响  

Effect of continuous cropping on quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves and carbon pool in tobacco growing soil

作　　者：付仲毅 张晓远 张晓帆 周涵君 秦燚鹤 马静 韩秋静 叶协锋 FU ZhongyiI;ZHANG Xiaoyuan;ZHANG Xiaofan;ZHOU Hanjun;QIN YiheI;MA JingI;HAN Qiujing;YE Xiefeng(Tobacco Science College of Henan Agricultural University,National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre/Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China;Lincang Tobacco Company of Yunnan,Lincang,Yunan 677000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地,烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,河南郑州450002 [2]云南临沧市烟草公司,云南临沧677000

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第8期16-22,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室资助项目“植烟土壤肥力培育及提高肥料利用率技术研究”(中烟办[2014]334号); 重庆市烟草公司“云烟品牌导向型生态优质烟叶生产技术模式构建研究与推广”项目(NY20140401070010)

摘　　要：【目的】研究烤烟连作对植烟土壤碳库及烤后烟叶品质的影响,为构建以烟为主的耕作制度提供参考。【方法】以"云烟87"为研究对象,在重庆市彭水县开展田间定位试验,设轮作(CK)、连作5年(T1)、连作10年(T2)3个处理,研究不同处理对植烟土壤碳库指标及烤后烟叶常规化学成分、中性致香物质含量和经济性状的影响。【结果】连作降低了植烟土壤总有机碳含量,连作5年、连作10年土壤总有机碳含量分别比轮作降低8.80%和28.17%;连作使土壤易氧化活性有机碳含量、水溶性有机碳含量、有机碳矿化速率、微生物生物量碳含量、碳库指数和土壤碳库管理指数降低,且随着连作年限的增加均呈下降趋势。连作降低了烤烟总糖和还原糖含量及烤烟中下部烟叶钾含量和钾氯比,增加了烤烟中下部烟叶的烟碱和氯含量。轮作处理烤烟化学成分及其协调性优于连作;连作降低了烟叶中性致香成分含量,随着连作年限的增加,苯丙氨酸类、棕色化反应产物的含量呈现下降趋势,而类胡萝卜素类、新植二烯的含量呈现先下降后升高趋势;中性致香成分总量表现为轮作>连作10年>连作5年。【结论】短期连作(连作5年)对土壤碳库影响不大,长期连作(连作10年)降低了土壤碳库,使土壤性质趋劣;轮作处理烤烟化学成分及其协调性优于连作,轮作烟叶中性致香成分含量大多数高于连作烟叶,轮作处理烤烟经济性状优于连作。[Objective] This study investigated the effect of continuous cropping on carbon pool of to- bacco-planted soil and quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves to provide reference for establishing cultivation system with the priority of tobacco. [Method] The experiment was conducted using ＂Yunyan 87＂ in Peng- shui,Chongqing. Three treatments including crop rotation （CK）,5-year continuous cropping （T1） and 10- year continuous cropping （T2） were used to study the effect on carbon pool indexes of tobacco-planted soil,as well as conventional chemical components, contents of neutral aroma components and economiccharacteristics of flue-cured tobacco leaves. [Resultl Continuous cropping decreased total organic carbon in tobacco-planted soil,and it was reduced by 8. 80~ and 28. 17~ in T1 and T2, respectively. Continuous cropping also decreased easy oxidation active organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon,organic carbon min- eralization rate,microbial biomass carbon, carbon pool index and soil carbon pool management index. The contents decreased with the increase of continuous cropping years. Continuous croppir!g decreased the total sugar and reducing sugar contents of flue-cured tobacco as well as the content of potassium and potassium to chlorine ratio in medium and bottom leaves of flue-cured tobacco. The chemical properties and coordina- tion of flue-cured tobacco in crop rotation treatment were better than that in continuous cropping treat- ments. Continuous cropping decreased the content of neutral aroma components. With the increase of con- tinuous cropping years,phenylalanine and brown reaction products contents decreased,while carotenoids and neophytadiene contents increased after initial decrease. The amount of neutral aroma components was in the order of crop rotation~ 10-year continuous cropping ~ 5-year continuous cropping. [ConclusionI Short-term continuous cropping （5-year continuous cropping） had little effect on soil carbon pool,but long- term continuous cropping （10-year continuous croppi

关 键 词：烤烟 连作 土壤碳库 烟叶品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]